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This enzyme promotes viral infection by cleaving viral glycoproteins, which helps viruses like SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A enter cells more effectively. Genetic differences in TMPRSS2 may affect people\u2019s susceptibility to COVID-19, underscoring the need for studies that consider diverse populations. Beyond infectious diseases, TMPRSS2 has also been linked to some cancers, suggesting it could be a valuable target for drug development. This review provides a summary of TMPRSS2 inhibitors currently under study, with some already in clinical trials to test their effectiveness against viral infections. As we uncover more about TMPRSS2\u2019s role in pathogenesis, it could open new doors for therapies to combat future outbreaks.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biom15010075","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,7]],"date-time":"2025-01-07T05:06:34Z","timestamp":1736226394000},"page":"75","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["TMPRSS2 as a Key Player in Viral Pathogenesis: Influenza and Coronaviruses"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4710-1901","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gilmara","family":"Barros de Lima","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program of Biosystems, Centro de Ci\u00eancias Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC), S\u00e3o Bernardo do Campo, S\u00e3o Paulo 09606-045, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Everton","family":"Nencioni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program of Biosystems, Centro de Ci\u00eancias Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC), S\u00e3o Bernardo do Campo, S\u00e3o Paulo 09606-045, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F\u00e1bio","family":"Thimoteo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program of Biosystems, Centro de Ci\u00eancias Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC), S\u00e3o Bernardo do Campo, S\u00e3o Paulo 09606-045, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Camila","family":"Perea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program of Biosystems, Centro de Ci\u00eancias Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC), S\u00e3o Bernardo do Campo, S\u00e3o Paulo 09606-045, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rafaela Fuzaro Alves","family":"Pinto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program of Biosystems, Centro de Ci\u00eancias Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC), S\u00e3o Bernardo do Campo, S\u00e3o Paulo 09606-045, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6233-3316","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sergio Daishi","family":"Sasaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program of Biosystems, Centro de Ci\u00eancias Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC), S\u00e3o Bernardo do Campo, S\u00e3o Paulo 09606-045, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1006\/geno.1997.4845","article-title":"Cloning of the TMPRSS2 gene, which encodes a novel serine protease with transmembrane, LDLRA, and SRCR domains and maps to 21q22.3","volume":"44","author":"Chen","year":"1997","journal-title":"Genomics"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2687","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1432-1327.2001.02165.x","article-title":"Cloning and characterization of the cDNA and gene for human epitheliasin","volume":"268","author":"Jacquinet","year":"2001","journal-title":"Eur. 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