{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T18:27:00Z","timestamp":1790274420614,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":111,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,6]],"date-time":"2025-06-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1749168000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biomolecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disorder caused by mutations in the CFTR gene, leading to defective ion transport and impaired function of various organs. Chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, and microbial dysbiosis are key pathological features of CF patients, contributing to disease progression, lung damage, and an increased susceptibility to infections. Emerging evidence suggests that in CF patients these factors can promote cancer development, especially lung cancer. Chronic inflammation in CF, driven by immune cell dysfunction, results in the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and reactive oxygen species (ROSs), fostering an environment conducive to cancer initiation. Oxidative stress can amplify cellular damage and hinder airway remodeling. ROSs not only damage cellular components such as lipids, proteins, and DNA but also disrupt lung homeostasis, creating a favorable environment for cancer development. Furthermore, the lung microbiome in CF patients is often dysbiotic, with a reduced diversity and the predominance of pathogenic bacteria such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which exacerbate inflammation and may contribute to carcinogenesis. This review explores the mechanisms linking CF to lung cancer, examining the potential clinical implications of these mechanisms for early detection, monitoring, and targeted therapies for lung cancer prevention in CF patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biom15060828","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,6]],"date-time":"2025-06-06T03:52:28Z","timestamp":1749181948000},"page":"828","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Mechanisms of Lung Cancer Development in Cystic Fibrosis Patients: The Role of Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Lung Microbiome Dysbiosis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-2902-3558","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raffaella","family":"Pagliaro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania \u2018L. Vanvitelli\u2019, 80131 Naples, Italy"},{"name":"U.O.C. Clinica Pneumologica L. Vanvitelli, A.O. dei Colli, Monaldi Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1121-7315","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Filippo","family":"Scial\u00f2","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy"},{"name":"CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore, 80145 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angela","family":"Schiattarella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania \u2018L. Vanvitelli\u2019, 80131 Naples, Italy"},{"name":"U.O.C. Clinica Pneumologica L. 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