{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T17:08:01Z","timestamp":1788368881105,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":105,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,28]],"date-time":"2025-06-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751068800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Fondation Recherche Alzheimer","award":["FRA 2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FRA 2021"]}]},{"name":"Fondation Recherche Alzheimer","award":["CM157"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CM157"]}]},{"name":"Fondation Recherche Alzheimer","award":["88887.710933\/2022-00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["88887.710933\/2022-00"]}]},{"name":"Fondation Recherche Alzheimer","award":["88887595435\/2020-00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["88887595435\/2020-00"]}]},{"name":"Fondation Recherche Alzheimer","award":["PICT-2020-SERIEA-02706"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PICT-2020-SERIEA-02706"]}]},{"name":"Fondation Recherche Alzheimer","award":["PIUNT D759"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PIUNT D759"]}]},{"name":"Fondation Recherche Alzheimer","award":["ANR-10-IAIHU-06"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANR-10-IAIHU-06"]}]},{"name":"Fondation Recherche Alzheimer","award":["ANR-11-INBS-0011-NeurATRIS"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANR-11-INBS-0011-NeurATRIS"]}]},{"name":"Fondation Recherche Alzheimer","award":["2019-FED-118"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019-FED-118"]}]},{"name":"Institut Carnot","award":["FRA 2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FRA 2021"]}]},{"name":"Institut Carnot","award":["CM157"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CM157"]}]},{"name":"Institut Carnot","award":["88887.710933\/2022-00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["88887.710933\/2022-00"]}]},{"name":"Institut Carnot","award":["88887595435\/2020-00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["88887595435\/2020-00"]}]},{"name":"Institut Carnot","award":["PICT-2020-SERIEA-02706"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PICT-2020-SERIEA-02706"]}]},{"name":"Institut Carnot","award":["PIUNT D759"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PIUNT D759"]}]},{"name":"Institut Carnot","award":["ANR-10-IAIHU-06"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANR-10-IAIHU-06"]}]},{"name":"Institut Carnot","award":["ANR-11-INBS-0011-NeurATRIS"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANR-11-INBS-0011-NeurATRIS"]}]},{"name":"Institut Carnot","award":["2019-FED-118"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019-FED-118"]}]},{"name":"French and Brazilian research institutions","award":["FRA 2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FRA 2021"]}]},{"name":"French and Brazilian research institutions","award":["CM157"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CM157"]}]},{"name":"French and Brazilian research institutions","award":["88887.710933\/2022-00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["88887.710933\/2022-00"]}]},{"name":"French and Brazilian research institutions","award":["88887595435\/2020-00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["88887595435\/2020-00"]}]},{"name":"French and Brazilian research institutions","award":["PICT-2020-SERIEA-02706"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PICT-2020-SERIEA-02706"]}]},{"name":"French and Brazilian research institutions","award":["PIUNT D759"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PIUNT D759"]}]},{"name":"French and Brazilian research institutions","award":["ANR-10-IAIHU-06"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANR-10-IAIHU-06"]}]},{"name":"French and Brazilian research institutions","award":["ANR-11-INBS-0011-NeurATRIS"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANR-11-INBS-0011-NeurATRIS"]}]},{"name":"French and Brazilian research institutions","award":["2019-FED-118"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019-FED-118"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FRA 2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FRA 2021"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CM157"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CM157"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["88887.710933\/2022-00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["88887.710933\/2022-00"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["88887595435\/2020-00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["88887595435\/2020-00"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PICT-2020-SERIEA-02706"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PICT-2020-SERIEA-02706"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PIUNT D759"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PIUNT D759"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ANR-10-IAIHU-06"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANR-10-IAIHU-06"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ANR-11-INBS-0011-NeurATRIS"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANR-11-INBS-0011-NeurATRIS"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2019-FED-118"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019-FED-118"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003033","name":"Argentinian National Scientific and Technological Promotion Agency","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FRA 2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FRA 2021"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003033","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003033","name":"Argentinian National Scientific and Technological Promotion Agency","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CM157"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CM157"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003033","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003033","name":"Argentinian National Scientific and Technological Promotion Agency","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["88887.710933\/2022-00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["88887.710933\/2022-00"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003033","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003033","name":"Argentinian National Scientific and Technological Promotion Agency","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["88887595435\/2020-00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["88887595435\/2020-00"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003033","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003033","name":"Argentinian National Scientific and Technological Promotion Agency","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PICT-2020-SERIEA-02706"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PICT-2020-SERIEA-02706"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003033","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003033","name":"Argentinian National Scientific and Technological Promotion Agency","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PIUNT D759"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PIUNT D759"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003033","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003033","name":"Argentinian National Scientific and Technological Promotion Agency","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ANR-10-IAIHU-06"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANR-10-IAIHU-06"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003033","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003033","name":"Argentinian National Scientific and Technological Promotion Agency","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ANR-11-INBS-0011-NeurATRIS"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANR-11-INBS-0011-NeurATRIS"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003033","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003033","name":"Argentinian National Scientific and Technological Promotion Agency","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2019-FED-118"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019-FED-118"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003033","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007482","name":"National University of Tucum\u00e1n","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FRA 2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FRA 2021"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007482","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007482","name":"National University of Tucum\u00e1n","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CM157"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CM157"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007482","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007482","name":"National University of Tucum\u00e1n","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["88887.710933\/2022-00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["88887.710933\/2022-00"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007482","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007482","name":"National University of Tucum\u00e1n","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["88887595435\/2020-00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["88887595435\/2020-00"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007482","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007482","name":"National University of Tucum\u00e1n","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PICT-2020-SERIEA-02706"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PICT-2020-SERIEA-02706"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007482","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007482","name":"National University of Tucum\u00e1n","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PIUNT D759"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PIUNT D759"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007482","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007482","name":"National University of Tucum\u00e1n","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ANR-10-IAIHU-06"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANR-10-IAIHU-06"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007482","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007482","name":"National University of Tucum\u00e1n","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ANR-11-INBS-0011-NeurATRIS"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANR-11-INBS-0011-NeurATRIS"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007482","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007482","name":"National University of Tucum\u00e1n","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2019-FED-118"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019-FED-118"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007482","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Program Investissements d\u2019Avenir","award":["FRA 2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FRA 2021"]}]},{"name":"Program Investissements d\u2019Avenir","award":["CM157"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CM157"]}]},{"name":"Program Investissements d\u2019Avenir","award":["88887.710933\/2022-00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["88887.710933\/2022-00"]}]},{"name":"Program Investissements d\u2019Avenir","award":["88887595435\/2020-00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["88887595435\/2020-00"]}]},{"name":"Program Investissements d\u2019Avenir","award":["PICT-2020-SERIEA-02706"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PICT-2020-SERIEA-02706"]}]},{"name":"Program Investissements d\u2019Avenir","award":["PIUNT D759"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PIUNT D759"]}]},{"name":"Program Investissements d\u2019Avenir","award":["ANR-10-IAIHU-06"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANR-10-IAIHU-06"]}]},{"name":"Program Investissements d\u2019Avenir","award":["ANR-11-INBS-0011-NeurATRIS"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANR-11-INBS-0011-NeurATRIS"]}]},{"name":"Program Investissements d\u2019Avenir","award":["2019-FED-118"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019-FED-118"]}]},{"name":"Translational Research Infrastructure for Biotherapies in Neurosciences","award":["FRA 2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FRA 2021"]}]},{"name":"Translational Research Infrastructure for Biotherapies in Neurosciences","award":["CM157"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CM157"]}]},{"name":"Translational Research Infrastructure for Biotherapies in Neurosciences","award":["88887.710933\/2022-00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["88887.710933\/2022-00"]}]},{"name":"Translational Research Infrastructure for Biotherapies in Neurosciences","award":["88887595435\/2020-00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["88887595435\/2020-00"]}]},{"name":"Translational Research Infrastructure for Biotherapies in Neurosciences","award":["PICT-2020-SERIEA-02706"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PICT-2020-SERIEA-02706"]}]},{"name":"Translational Research Infrastructure for Biotherapies in Neurosciences","award":["PIUNT D759"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PIUNT D759"]}]},{"name":"Translational Research Infrastructure for Biotherapies in Neurosciences","award":["ANR-10-IAIHU-06"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANR-10-IAIHU-06"]}]},{"name":"Translational Research Infrastructure for Biotherapies in Neurosciences","award":["ANR-11-INBS-0011-NeurATRIS"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANR-11-INBS-0011-NeurATRIS"]}]},{"name":"Translational Research Infrastructure for Biotherapies in Neurosciences","award":["2019-FED-118"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019-FED-118"]}]},{"name":"European Union together with the Guadeloupe Region through REG-MND Registre Guadeloup\u00e9en des Maladies Neurod\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9ratives","award":["FRA 2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FRA 2021"]}]},{"name":"European Union together with the Guadeloupe Region through REG-MND Registre Guadeloup\u00e9en des Maladies Neurod\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9ratives","award":["CM157"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CM157"]}]},{"name":"European Union together with the Guadeloupe Region through REG-MND Registre Guadeloup\u00e9en des Maladies Neurod\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9ratives","award":["88887.710933\/2022-00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["88887.710933\/2022-00"]}]},{"name":"European Union together with the Guadeloupe Region through REG-MND Registre Guadeloup\u00e9en des Maladies Neurod\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9ratives","award":["88887595435\/2020-00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["88887595435\/2020-00"]}]},{"name":"European Union together with the Guadeloupe Region through REG-MND Registre Guadeloup\u00e9en des Maladies Neurod\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9ratives","award":["PICT-2020-SERIEA-02706"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PICT-2020-SERIEA-02706"]}]},{"name":"European Union together with the Guadeloupe Region through REG-MND Registre Guadeloup\u00e9en des Maladies Neurod\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9ratives","award":["PIUNT D759"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PIUNT D759"]}]},{"name":"European Union together with the Guadeloupe Region through REG-MND Registre Guadeloup\u00e9en des Maladies Neurod\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9ratives","award":["ANR-10-IAIHU-06"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANR-10-IAIHU-06"]}]},{"name":"European Union together with the Guadeloupe Region through REG-MND Registre Guadeloup\u00e9en des Maladies Neurod\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9ratives","award":["ANR-11-INBS-0011-NeurATRIS"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANR-11-INBS-0011-NeurATRIS"]}]},{"name":"European Union together with the Guadeloupe Region through REG-MND Registre Guadeloup\u00e9en des Maladies Neurod\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9ratives","award":["2019-FED-118"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019-FED-118"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biomolecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>We aimed to simulate tau abnormalities\u2014specifically hyperphosphorylation and aggregation\u2014that are hallmarks of tauopathies, including Alzheimer\u2019s disease, to evaluate tau-targeting therapies. To model pathological p-tau accumulation at early disease stages, we exposed mouse cortical cultures to redox-active iron from hemin (Hm), a breakdown product of hemoglobin, or challenged them with the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate. Using the AT8 phospho-specific antibody, we demonstrate that a subtoxic concentration of Hm (3 \u00b5M) promotes pathological p-tau accumulation in a subpopulation of cultured cortical neurons and their proximal neurites. Uric acid (UA; 0.1\u2013200 \u00b5M), the metabolic end-product of purines in humans, prevented p-tau build-up. Neither xanthine, the immediate precursor of UA, nor allantoin, its oxidized product, reproduced this effect. Live cell imaging studies revealed that UA operates by repressing iron-driven lipid peroxidation. DOT (3 \u00b5M), a brain-permeant tetracycline (TC) without antibiotic activity, mimicked UA\u2019s anti-tau and antioxidant effects. Interestingly, both UA and DOT remained effective in preventing p-tau accumulation induced by glutamate (10 \u00b5M). To simulate tau aggregation at more advanced disease stages, we conducted a Thioflavin-T aggregation assay. Our findings revealed that UA and DOT prevented tau aggregation seeded by heparin. However, only DOT remained effective when heparin-assembled tau fibrils were used as the seeding material. In summary, our results indicate that UA-elevating agents may hold therapeutic utility for tauopathies. The non-purine compound DOT could serve as an effective alternative to UA-related therapies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biom15070941","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,2]],"date-time":"2025-07-02T07:55:43Z","timestamp":1751442943000},"page":"941","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Uric Acid, the End-Product of Purine Metabolism, Mitigates Tau-Related Abnormalities: Comparison with DOT, a Non-Antibiotic Oxytetracycline Derivative"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6325-1064","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bianca","family":"Andretto de Mattos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Paris Brain Institute-ICM, Inserm, CNRS, APHP, H\u00f4pital de la Piti\u00e9 Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re, Sorbonne Universit\u00e9, 75013 Paris, France"},{"name":"Medical School of Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, Department of Physiology, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto 14040-904, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0177-6009","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rodrigo Hern\u00e1n","family":"Tomas-Grau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Paris Brain Institute-ICM, Inserm, CNRS, APHP, H\u00f4pital de la Piti\u00e9 Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re, Sorbonne Universit\u00e9, 75013 Paris, France"},{"name":"IMMCA, CONICET-UNT-SIPROSA, Tucum\u00e1n 4000, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9913-345X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tha\u00eds Antonia","family":"Alves Fernandes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Paris Brain Institute-ICM, Inserm, CNRS, APHP, H\u00f4pital de la Piti\u00e9 Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re, Sorbonne Universit\u00e9, 75013 Paris, France"},{"name":"Medical School of Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, Department of Physiology, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto 14040-904, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Florencia","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Liz\u00e1rraga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Paris Brain Institute-ICM, Inserm, CNRS, APHP, H\u00f4pital de la Piti\u00e9 Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re, Sorbonne Universit\u00e9, 75013 Paris, France"},{"name":"IMMCA, CONICET-UNT-SIPROSA, Tucum\u00e1n 4000, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8919-3384","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aurore","family":"Tourville","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Paris Brain Institute-ICM, Inserm, CNRS, APHP, H\u00f4pital de la Piti\u00e9 Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re, Sorbonne Universit\u00e9, 75013 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ismaila","family":"Ciss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Paris Brain Institute-ICM, Inserm, CNRS, APHP, H\u00f4pital de la Piti\u00e9 Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re, Sorbonne Universit\u00e9, 75013 Paris, France"},{"name":"BioCIS, CNRS, Universit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay, 91400 Orsay, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9355-8980","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jean-Michel","family":"Brunel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inserm, Membranes et Cibles Th\u00e9rapeutiques, Service de Sant\u00e9 des Arm\u00e9es, Aix Marseille Universit\u00e9, 13385 Marseille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3504-7952","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rosana","family":"Chehin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IMMCA, CONICET-UNT-SIPROSA, Tucum\u00e1n 4000, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annie","family":"Lannuzel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Paris Brain Institute-ICM, Inserm, CNRS, APHP, H\u00f4pital de la Piti\u00e9 Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re, Sorbonne Universit\u00e9, 75013 Paris, France"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, CIC1424, University Hospital of Guadeloupe, Antilles University, French West Indies, 97159 Pointe-\u00e0-Pitre, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1171-205X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laurent","family":"Ferri\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BioCIS, CNRS, Universit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay, 91400 Orsay, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rita","family":"Raisman-Vozari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Paris Brain Institute-ICM, Inserm, CNRS, APHP, H\u00f4pital de la Piti\u00e9 Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re, Sorbonne Universit\u00e9, 75013 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4226-8489","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bruno","family":"Figad\u00e8re","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BioCIS, CNRS, Universit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay, 91400 Orsay, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elaine","family":"Del Bel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical School of Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, Department of Physiology, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto 14040-904, Brazil"},{"name":"Dentistry School, Basic and Oral Biology, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto 14040-904, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5607-3119","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patrick Pierre","family":"Michel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Paris Brain Institute-ICM, Inserm, CNRS, APHP, H\u00f4pital de la Piti\u00e9 Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re, Sorbonne Universit\u00e9, 75013 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00308809","article-title":"Neuropathological Stageing of Alzheimer-Related Changes","volume":"82","author":"Braak","year":"1991","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(13)70090-5","article-title":"Tau Pathology and Neurodegeneration","volume":"12","author":"Spillantini","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lancet. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ganguly, J., and Jog, M. (2020). Tauopathy and Movement Disorders-Unveiling the Chameleons and Mimics. Front. Neurol., 11.","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2020.599384"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195-023-01321-7","article-title":"The Therapeutic Landscape of Tauopathies: Challenges and Prospects","volume":"15","author":"Cummings","year":"2023","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s Res. Ther."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-385883-2.00004-7","article-title":"Tau and Tauopathies","volume":"107","author":"Lee","year":"2012","journal-title":"Prog. Mol. Biol. Transl. Sci."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1186\/s13024-021-00476-x","article-title":"Cellular and Pathological Heterogeneity of Primary Tauopathies","volume":"16","author":"Chung","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol. Neurodegener."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-021-02301-7","article-title":"Tau Strains Shape Disease","volume":"142","author":"Diamond","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awx350","article-title":"Concussion, Microvascular Injury, and Early Tauopathy in Young Athletes after Impact Head Injury and an Impact Concussion Mouse Model","volume":"141","author":"Tagge","year":"2018","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2355","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.29222","article-title":"Annonaceae Consumption Worsens Disease Severity and Cognitive Deficits in Degenerative Parkinsonism. Movement Disorders: Official Journal of the Movement Disorder Society","volume":"37","author":"Roze","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mov. Disord."},{"key":"ref_10","unstructured":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Liz\u00e1rraga, F., Boluda, S., Ruiz Hidalgo, J., Avila, C.L., Dos Santos, C., Socias, B., Medina, L., Chaumont, H., Akbar, D., and Roze, E. Protein coaggregation in Caribbean atypical parkinsonism: The contribution of annonacin. Neuropathol. Appl. Neurobiol., in press."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1304","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1460-2075.1995.tb07116.x","article-title":"Somatodendritic Localization and Hyperphosphorylation of Tau Protein in Transgenic Mice Expressing the Longest Human Brain Tau Isoform","volume":"14","author":"Probst","year":"1995","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"key":"ref_12","first-page":"194","article-title":"Pathogenesis of Alzheimer-Related Neuritic Plaques: AT8 Immunoreactive Dystrophic Neurites Precede Argyrophilic Neurites in Plaques of the Entorhinal Region, Hippocampal Formation, and Amygdala","volume":"17","year":"1998","journal-title":"Clin. Neuropathol."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1007\/s004010000306","article-title":"Evolution from Pretangle Neurons to Neurofibrillary Tangles Monitored by Thiazin Red Combined with Gallyas Method and Double Immunofluorescence","volume":"101","author":"Uchihara","year":"2001","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9080","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1708448114","article-title":"Identification of the Tau Phosphorylation Pattern That Drives Its Aggregation","volume":"114","author":"Despres","year":"2017","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1186\/s40478-020-00967-w","article-title":"Tau Ser208 Phosphorylation Promotes Aggregation and Reveals Neuropathologic Diversity in Alzheimer\u2019s Disease and Other Tauopathies","volume":"8","author":"Xia","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol. Commun."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1002\/prot.24988","article-title":"Epitope Mapping and Structural Basis for the Recognition of Phosphorylated Tau by the Anti-Tau Antibody AT8","volume":"84","author":"Malia","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proteins"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.10633","article-title":"Hemin Induces an Iron-Dependent, Oxidative Injury to Human Neuron-like Cells","volume":"73","author":"Goldstein","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Neurosci. Res."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2065","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0923-20.2021","article-title":"Hemin-Induced Death Models Hemorrhagic Stroke and Is a Variant of Classical Neuronal Ferroptosis","volume":"42","author":"Zille","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Neurosci. Off. J. Soc. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7455","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.21-19-07455.2001","article-title":"Oxidative Glutamate Toxicity Can Be a Component of the Excitotoxicity Cascade","volume":"21","author":"Schubert","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Neurosci. Off. J. Soc. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1341","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awaa089","article-title":"Relationship between cortical iron and tau aggregation in Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"143","author":"Spotorno","year":"2020","journal-title":"Brain A J. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1137","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.2002.t01-1-01061.x","article-title":"Iron (III) induces aggregation of hyperphosphorylated tau and its reduction to iron (II) reverses the aggregation: Implications in the formation of neurofibrillary tangles of Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"82","author":"Yamamoto","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"ENEURO.0418-20.2020","DOI":"10.1523\/ENEURO.0418-20.2020","article-title":"Neuronal Network Excitability in Alzheimer\u2019s Disease: The Puzzle of Similar versus Divergent Roles of Amyloid \u03b2 and Tau","volume":"8","author":"Kazim","year":"2021","journal-title":"eNeuro"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-022-02024-7","article-title":"Neuronal Hyperexcitability in Alzheimer\u2019s Disease: What Are the Drivers behind This Aberrant Phenotype?","volume":"12","author":"Matosin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Transl. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(95)11484-E","article-title":"Monoclonal Antibody AT8 Recognises Tau Protein Phosphorylated at Both Serine 202 and Threonine 205","volume":"189","author":"Goedert","year":"1995","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Morris, S.L., Tsai, M.Y., Aloe, S., Bechberger, K., K\u00f6nig, S., Morfini, G., and Brady, S.T. (2021). Defined Tau Phosphospecies Differentially Inhibit Fast Axonal Transport Through Activation of Two Independent Signaling Pathways. Front. Mol. Neurosci., 13.","DOI":"10.3389\/fnmol.2020.610037"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1105","DOI":"10.1007\/s00702-017-1743-6","article-title":"Assessment of Serum Uric Acid as Risk Factor for Tauopathies","volume":"124","author":"Schirinzi","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Neural Transm."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhou, Z., Zhong, S., Liang, Y., Zhang, X., Zhang, R., Kang, K., Qu, H., Xu, Y., Zhao, C., and Zhao, M. (2021). Serum Uric Acid and the Risk of Dementia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front. Aging Neurosci., 13.","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2021.625690"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1007\/s12640-025-00742-6","article-title":"Oxytetracycline and Its Non-Antibiotic Derivative DOT Protect Midbrain Dopamine Neurons from Iron-Driven Oxidative Damage","volume":"43","author":"Tourville","year":"2025","journal-title":"Neurotox. Res."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Medina, L., Gonz\u00e1lez-Liz\u00e1rraga, F., Dominguez-Meijide, A., Ploper, D., Parrales, V., Sequeira, S., Cima-Omori, M.S., Zweckstetter, M., Del Bel, E., and Michel, P.P. (2021). Doxycycline Interferes with Tau Aggregation and Reduces Its Neuronal Toxicity. Front. Aging Neurosci., 13.","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2021.635760"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3926","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.2c08004","article-title":"Chemical Features of Polyanions Modulate Tau Aggregation and Conformational States","volume":"145","author":"Montgomery","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tourville, A., Akbar, D., Corti, O., Prehn, J.H.M., Melki, R., Hunot, S., and Michel, P.P. (2022). Modelling \u03b1-Synuclein Aggregation and Neurodegeneration with Fibril Seeds in Primary Cultures of Mouse Dopaminergic Neurons. Cells, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/cells11101640"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ferreira Junior, N.C., dos Santos Pereira, M., Francis, N., Ramirez, P., Martorell, P., Gonz\u00e1lez-Lizarraga, F., Figad\u00e8re, B., Chehin, R., Del Bel, E., and Raisman-Vozari, R. (2021). The Chemically-Modified Tetracycline COL-3 and Its Parent Compound Doxycycline Prevent Microglial Inflammatory Responses by Reducing Glucose-Mediated Oxidative Stress. Cells, 10.","DOI":"10.22541\/au.162144021.19509352\/v1"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109926","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2024.109926","article-title":"4\u2032-Fluorocannabidiol Associated with Capsazepine Restrains L-DOPA-Induced Dyskinesia in Hemiparkinsonian Mice: Contribution of Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Glutamatergic Mechanisms","volume":"251","author":"Vanderlei","year":"2024","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1499","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.1997.69041499.x","article-title":"Rescue of Mesencephalic Dopamine Neurons by Anticancer Drug Cytosine Arabinoside","volume":"69","author":"Michel","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tourville, A., Viguier, S., Gonz\u00e1lez-Liz\u00e1rraga, F., Tomas-Grau, R.H., Ramirez, P., Brunel, J.M., Dos Santos Pereira, M., Del-Bel, E., Chehin, R., and Ferri\u00e9, L. (2023). Rescue of Dopamine Neurons from Iron-Dependent Ferroptosis by Doxycycline and Demeclocycline and Their Non-Antibiotic Derivatives. Antioxidants, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox12030575"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"dos Santos Pereira, M., Abreu, G.H.D., Rocca, J., Hamadat, S., Raisman-Vozari, R., Michel, P.P., and Del Bel, E. (2021). Contributive Role of TNF-\u03b1 to L-DOPA-Induced Dyskinesia in a Unilateral 6-OHDA Lesion Model of Parkinson\u2019s Disease. Front. Pharmacol., 11.","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2020.617085"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1177\/10454411910020030201","article-title":"Tetracyclines Inhibit Connective Tissue Breakdown: New Therapeutic Implications for an Old Family of Drugs","volume":"2","author":"Golub","year":"1991","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Oral Biol. Med."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"676","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.2019","article-title":"Fiji: An Open-Source Platform for Biological-Image Analysis","volume":"9","author":"Schindelin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Joshi, D.C., and Bakowska, J.C. (2011). Determination of Mitochondrial Membrane Potential and Reactive Oxygen Species in Live Rat Cortical Neurons. J. Vis. Exp. JoVE, 2704.","DOI":"10.3791\/2704"},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Parrales-Macias, V., Michel, P.P., Tourville, A., Raisman-Vozari, R., Ha\u00efk, S., Hunot, S., Bizat, N., and Lannuzel, A. (2023). The Pesticide Chlordecone Promotes Parkinsonism-like Neurodegeneration with Tau Lesions in Midbrain Cultures and C. elegans Worms. Cells, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/cells12091336"},{"key":"ref_41","first-page":"35","article-title":"Purification of Recombinant Tau Protein and Preparation of Alzheimer-Paired Helical Filaments in Vitro","volume":"299","author":"Barghorn","year":"2005","journal-title":"Methods Mol. Biol."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1016\/S0076-6879(99)09020-5","article-title":"Quantification of Beta-Sheet Amyloid Fibril Structures with Thioflavin, T","volume":"309","author":"LeVine","year":"1999","journal-title":"Methods Enzymol."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"Eabn0050","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.abn0050","article-title":"Targeting Oxidized Phospholipids by AAV-Based Gene Therapy in Mice with Established Hepatic Steatosis Prevents Progression to Fibrosis","volume":"8","author":"Upchurch","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.4103\/aca.ACA_157_18","article-title":"Descriptive Statistics and Normality Tests for Statistical Data","volume":"22","author":"Mishra","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann. Card. Anaesth."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6858","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.78.11.6858","article-title":"Uric Acid Provides an Antioxidant Defense in Humans against Oxidant- and Radical-Caused Aging and Cancer: A Hypothesis","volume":"78","author":"Ames","year":"1981","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1118","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2009.06040.x","article-title":"Protection of Midbrain Dopaminergic Neurons by the End-Product of Purine Metabolism Uric Acid: Potentiation by Low-Level Depolarization","volume":"109","author":"Guerreiro","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.1992.tb08882.x","article-title":"Toxic Effects of Iron for Cultured Mesencephalic Dopaminergic Neurons Derived from Rat Embryonic Brains","volume":"59","author":"Michel","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2017.05.012","article-title":"Local Somatodendritic Translation and Hyperphosphorylation of Tau Protein Triggered by AMPA and NMDA Receptor Stimulation","volume":"20","author":"Kobayashi","year":"2017","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Huynh, M.B., Rebergue, N., Merrick, H., Gomez-Henao, W., Jospin, E., Biard, D.S.F., and Papy-Garcia, D. (2022). HS3ST2 Expression Induces the Cell Autonomous Aggregation of Tau. Sci. Rep., 12.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-13486-6"},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"960","DOI":"10.1097\/NEN.0b013e318232a379","article-title":"Stages of the Pathologic Process in Alzheimer Disease: Age Categories from 1 to 100 Years","volume":"70","author":"Braak","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1042\/BST20120034","article-title":"The Relationship between Subcortical Tau Pathology and Alzheimer\u2019s Disease","volume":"40","author":"Attems","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biochem. Soc. Trans."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.490310214","article-title":"Regional Distribution of Iron and Iron-Regulatory Proteins in the Brain in Aging and Alzheimer\u2019s Disease","volume":"31","author":"Connor","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Neurosci. Res."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.21730","article-title":"Correlation of Iron in the Hippocampus with MMSE in Patients with Alzheimer\u2019s Disease","volume":"29","author":"Ding","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Magn. Reson. Imaging JMRI"},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-140396","article-title":"Perturbed Iron Distribution in Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Serum, Cerebrospinal Fluid, and Selected Brain Regions: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","volume":"42","author":"Tao","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Alzheimer\u2019s Dis. JAD"},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-022-05963-x","article-title":"Associations between near End-of-Life Flortaucipir PET and Postmortem CTE-Related Tau Neuropathology in Six Former American Football Players","volume":"50","author":"Alosco","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging"},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1186\/s40478-022-01394-9","article-title":"Reassessment of Neuronal Tau Distribution in Adult Human Brain and Implications for Tau Pathobiology","volume":"10","author":"Paterno","year":"2022","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol. Commun."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-32-9358-8_7","article-title":"Tau and Axonal Transport Misregulation in Tauopathies","volume":"1184","author":"Combs","year":"2019","journal-title":"Adv. Exp. Med. Biol."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wan, W., Cao, L., Kalionis, B., Murthi, P., Xia, S., and Guan, Y. (2019). Iron Deposition Leads to Hyperphosphorylation of Tau and Disruption of Insulin Signaling. Front. Neurol., 10.","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2019.00607"},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-018-0298-7","article-title":"A Tau Homeostasis Signature Is Linked with the Cellular and Regional Vulnerability of Excitatory Neurons to Tau Pathology","volume":"22","author":"Fu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Carroll, T., Guha, S., Nehrke, K., and Johnson, G.V.W. (2021). Tau Post-Translational Modifications: Potentiators of Selective Vulnerability in Sporadic Alzheimer\u2019s Disease. Biology, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/biology10101047"},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2929","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2022.06.021","article-title":"Molecular Signatures Underlying Neurofibrillary Tangle Susceptibility in Alzheimer\u2019s Disease","volume":"110","author":"Mahajani","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1186\/s13024-017-0199-3","article-title":"Tau Accumulation in the Retina Promotes Early Neuronal Dysfunction and Precedes Brain Pathology in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease","volume":"12","author":"Chiasseu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mol. Neurodegener."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"967","DOI":"10.1042\/BST0380967","article-title":"From Tau Phosphorylation to Tau Aggregation: What about Neuronal Death?","volume":"38","author":"Troquier","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biochem. Soc. Trans."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1152\/physiol.00039.2004","article-title":"Molecular Physiology of Urate Transport","volume":"20","author":"Hediger","year":"2005","journal-title":"Physiology"},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"948","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.12969","article-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative Does Serum Uric Acid Act as a Modulator of Cerebrospinal Fluid Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Biomarker Related Cognitive Decline?","volume":"23","author":"Ye","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"578221","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2023.578221","article-title":"Cerebrospinal Fluid Uric Acid Levels Associated with Disease Severity in Patients with Anti-N-Methyl-d-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis","volume":"384","author":"Cao","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Neuroimmunol."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1038\/s41531-023-00505-0","article-title":"Serum but Not Cerebrospinal Fluid Levels of Allantoin Are Increased in de Novo Parkinson\u2019s Disease","volume":"9","author":"Trnka","year":"2023","journal-title":"NPJ Park. Dis."},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Crawley, W.T., Jungels, C.G., Stenmark, K.R., and Fini, M.A. (2022). U-Shaped Association of Uric Acid to Overall-Cause Mortality and Its Impact on Clinical Management of Hyperuricemia. Redox Biol., 51.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2022.102271"},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2009.11.010","article-title":"Chronic Oxidative Stress Causes Increased Tau Phosphorylation in M17 Neuroblastoma Cells","volume":"468","author":"Su","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, C., Shao, C., Zhang, L., Siedlak, S.L., Meabon, J.S., Peskind, E.R., Lu, Y., Wang, W., Perry, G., and Cook, D.G. (2021). Oxidative Stress Signaling in Blast TBI-Induced Tau Phosphorylation. Antioxidants, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox10060955"},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1393","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2004.03.007","article-title":"Oxidative Stress Promotes Tau Dephosphorylation in Neuronal Cells: The Roles of Cdk5 and PP1","volume":"36","author":"Zambrano","year":"2004","journal-title":"Free Radic. Biol. Med."},{"key":"ref_72","first-page":"2079","article-title":"Antioxidant and Radical Scavenging Activities of Uric Acid","volume":"20","author":"Gulcin","year":"2008","journal-title":"Asian J. Chem."},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2015.08.022","article-title":"Neuroprotective effects of urate are mediated by augmenting astrocytic glutathione synthesis and release","volume":"82","author":"Bakshi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Dis."},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7827","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1644-07.2007","article-title":"Annonacin, a natural mitochondrial complex I inhibitor, causes tau pathology in cultured neurons","volume":"27","author":"Muriel","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Neurosci. Off. J. Soc. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1258","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2013.08.013","article-title":"March Separate, Strike Together--Role of Phosphorylated TAU in Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Alzheimer\u2019s Disease","volume":"1842","author":"Eckert","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biochim. Et Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Samluk, L., Ostapczuk, P., and Dziembowska, M. (2022). Long-Term Mitochondrial Stress Induces Early Steps of Tau Aggregation by Increasing Reactive Oxygen Species Levels and Affecting Cellular Proteostasis. Mol. Biol. Cell, 33.","DOI":"10.1091\/mbc.E21-11-0553"},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1155\/S1565363303000128","article-title":"Objectives and Methods of Iron Chelation Therapy","volume":"1","author":"Hershko","year":"2003","journal-title":"Bioinorg. Chem. Appl."},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1021\/acscentsci.7b00028","article-title":"On the Mechanism of Cytoprotection by Ferrostatin-1 and Liproxstatin-1 and the Role of Lipid Peroxidation in Ferroptotic Cell Death","volume":"3","author":"Zilka","year":"2017","journal-title":"ACS Cent. Sci."},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-020-2298-2","article-title":"Ferroptosis: Past, Present and Future","volume":"11","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis."},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1038\/s41589-022-01249-3","article-title":"Identification of Essential Sites of Lipid Peroxidation in Ferroptosis","volume":"19","author":"Robson","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Chem. Biol."},{"key":"ref_81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1006\/abbi.1993.1566","article-title":"Hemin-Induced Lipid Membrane Disorder and Increased Permeability: A Molecular Model for the Mechanism of Cell Lysis","volume":"307","author":"Schmitt","year":"1993","journal-title":"Arch. Biochem. Biophys."},{"key":"ref_82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1700","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.11.6.1700","article-title":"Hemin: A Possible Physiological Mediator of Low Density Lipoprotein Oxidation and Endothelial Injury","volume":"11","author":"Balla","year":"1991","journal-title":"Arterioscler. Thromb. A J. Vasc. Biol."},{"key":"ref_83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0773.2003.pto930606.x","article-title":"Inhibition by Uric Acid of Free Radicals That Damage Biological Molecules","volume":"93","author":"Muraoka","year":"2003","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Toxicol."},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3544","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)64505-3","article-title":"On the Mechanism of Peroxidation of Uric Acids by Hemoproteins","volume":"235","author":"Howell","year":"1960","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1006\/taap.1999.8637","article-title":"Quantification of Total Oxidant Scavenging Capacity of Antioxidants for Peroxynitrite, Peroxyl Radicals, and Hydroxyl Radicals","volume":"156","author":"Regoli","year":"1999","journal-title":"Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1042\/bj2350747","article-title":"Uric acid-iron ion complexes. A new aspect of the antioxidant functions of uric acid","volume":"235","author":"Davies","year":"1986","journal-title":"Biochem. J."},{"key":"ref_87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21746","DOI":"10.1039\/D2NJ02966A","article-title":"Hemin-Based Cell Therapy via Nanoparticle-Assisted Uptake, Intracellular Reactive Oxygen Species Generation and Autophagy Induction","volume":"46","author":"Sarkar","year":"2022","journal-title":"New J. Chem."},{"key":"ref_88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cahill, C.M., Sarang, S.S., Bakshi, R., Xia, N., Lahiri, D.K., and Rogers, J.T. (2024). Neuroprotective Strategies and Cell-Based Biomarkers for Manganese-Induced Toxicity in Human Neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) Cells. Biomolecules, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/biom14060647"},{"key":"ref_89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pandithavidana, D.R., and Jayawardana, S.B. (2019). Comparative Study of Antioxidant Potential of Selected Dietary Vitamins; Computational Insights. Molecules, 24.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules24091646"},{"key":"ref_90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1039\/b309160k","article-title":"Transferrin Binding and Transferrin-Mediated Cellular Uptake of the Ruthenium Coordination Compound KP1019, Studied by Means of AAS, ESI-MS and CD Spectroscopy","volume":"19","author":"Pongratz","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Anal. At. Spectrom."},{"key":"ref_91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2015.08.109","article-title":"Regulation of Uric Acid Metabolism and Excretion","volume":"213","author":"Maiuolo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1457","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-2952(87)90110-9","article-title":"Antioxidant Properties of 2-Imidazolones and 2-Imidazolthiones","volume":"36","author":"Smith","year":"1987","journal-title":"Biochem. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tomas-Grau, R., Gonz\u00e1lez-Liz\u00e1rraga, F., Ploper, D., Avila, C.L., Soc\u00edas, S.B., Besnault, P., Tourville, A., Mella, R.M., Villac\u00e9, P., and Salado, C. (2022). Neuroprotective Effects of a Novel Demeclocycline Derivative Lacking Antibiotic Activity: From a Hit to a Promising Lead Compound. Cells, 11.","DOI":"10.20944\/preprints202208.0091.v1"},{"key":"ref_94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E202300597","DOI":"10.1002\/cmdc.202300597","article-title":"C9-Functionalized Doxycycline Analogs as Drug Candidates to Prevent Pathological \u03b1-Synuclein Aggregation and Neuroinflammation in Parkinson\u2019s Disease Degeneration","volume":"19","author":"Rose","year":"2024","journal-title":"ChemMedChem"},{"key":"ref_95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hwang, K., Vaknalli, R.N., Addo-Osafo, K., Vicente, M., and Vossel, K. (2022). Tauopathy and Epilepsy Comorbidities and Underlying Mechanisms. Front. Aging Neurosci., 14.","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2022.903973"},{"key":"ref_96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02815108","article-title":"Modifications of Neuronal Phosphorylated Tau Immunoreactivity Induced by NMDA Toxicity","volume":"27","author":"Couratier","year":"1996","journal-title":"Mol. Chem. Neuropathol."},{"key":"ref_97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4547(19980901)53:5<613::AID-JNR11>3.0.CO;2-1","article-title":"Uric Acid Protects Neurons against Excitotoxic and Metabolic Insults in Cell Culture, and against Focal Ischemic Brain Injury in Vivo","volume":"53","author":"Yu","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Neurosci. Res."},{"key":"ref_98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.20472","article-title":"Astroglia-Mediated Effects of Uric Acid to Protect Spinal Cord Neurons from Glutamate Toxicity","volume":"55","author":"Du","year":"2007","journal-title":"Glia"},{"key":"ref_99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1097\/WNR.0000000000001558","article-title":"Minocycline, but Not Doxycycline Attenuates NMDA-Induced [Ca2+]i and Excitotoxicity","volume":"32","author":"Lu","year":"2021","journal-title":"NeuroReport"},{"key":"ref_100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.2334","article-title":"NADPH Oxidase Is the Primary Source of Superoxide Induced by NMDA Receptor Activation","volume":"12","author":"Brennan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E4362","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1313029110","article-title":"Intracellular pH Reduction Prevents Excitotoxic and Ischemic Neuronal Death by Inhibiting NADPH Oxidase","volume":"110","author":"Lam","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1111\/jnc.14041","article-title":"The Noble Gas Xenon Provides Protection and Trophic Stimulation to Midbrain Dopamine Neurons","volume":"142","author":"Lavaur","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"ref_103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-5793(99)00522-0","article-title":"Assembly of Paired Helical Filaments from Mouse Tau: Implications for the Neurofibrillary Pathology in Transgenic Mouse Models for Alzheimer\u2019s Disease","volume":"451","author":"Kampers","year":"1999","journal-title":"FEBS Lett."},{"key":"ref_104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1038\/383550a0","article-title":"Assembly of Microtubule-Associated Protein Tau into Alzheimer-like Filaments Induced by Sulphated Glycosaminoglycans","volume":"383","author":"Goedert","year":"1996","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/0009-8981(78)90495-3","article-title":"Adsorption of Heparin on Sodium Acid Urate","volume":"84","author":"Finlayson","year":"1978","journal-title":"Clin. Chim. Acta Int. J. Clin. Chem."}],"container-title":["Biomolecules"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2218-273X\/15\/7\/941\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T18:00:58Z","timestamp":1760032858000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2218-273X\/15\/7\/941"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,28]]},"references-count":105,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]}},"alternative-id":["biom15070941"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/biom15070941","relation":{},"ISSN":["2218-273X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2218-273X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,28]]}}}