{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T23:10:08Z","timestamp":1790291408892,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":85,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,4]],"date-time":"2025-08-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754265600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"The National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["82401256"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82401256"]}]},{"name":"The National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["82371041"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82371041"]}]},{"name":"The National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["xzy012024131"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["xzy012024131"]}]},{"name":"The National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["2023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023"]}]},{"name":"The National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["2024PT-10"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024PT-10"]}]},{"name":"Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University Basic Scientific Research Funding, Free Exploration and Innovation-Teacher Category Project","award":["82401256"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82401256"]}]},{"name":"Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University Basic Scientific Research Funding, Free Exploration and Innovation-Teacher Category Project","award":["82371041"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82371041"]}]},{"name":"Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University Basic Scientific Research Funding, Free Exploration and Innovation-Teacher Category Project","award":["xzy012024131"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["xzy012024131"]}]},{"name":"Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University Basic Scientific Research Funding, Free Exploration and Innovation-Teacher Category Project","award":["2023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023"]}]},{"name":"Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University Basic Scientific Research Funding, Free Exploration and Innovation-Teacher Category Project","award":["2024PT-10"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024PT-10"]}]},{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Excellent Young Medical Talent Training Program","award":["82401256"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82401256"]}]},{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Excellent Young Medical Talent Training Program","award":["82371041"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82371041"]}]},{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Excellent Young Medical Talent Training Program","award":["xzy012024131"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["xzy012024131"]}]},{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Excellent Young Medical Talent Training Program","award":["2023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023"]}]},{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Excellent Young Medical Talent Training Program","award":["2024PT-10"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024PT-10"]}]},{"name":"The Project of the Health and Family Planning Commission of Shaanxi Province","award":["82401256"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82401256"]}]},{"name":"The Project of the Health and Family Planning Commission of Shaanxi Province","award":["82371041"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82371041"]}]},{"name":"The Project of the Health and Family Planning Commission of Shaanxi Province","award":["xzy012024131"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["xzy012024131"]}]},{"name":"The Project of the Health and Family Planning Commission of Shaanxi Province","award":["2023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023"]}]},{"name":"The Project of the Health and Family Planning Commission of Shaanxi Province","award":["2024PT-10"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024PT-10"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biomolecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The eye, a complex organ essential for visual perception, is composed of diverse cell populations with specialized functions; however, the complex interplay between these cellular components and their underlying molecular mechanisms remains largely elusive. Traditional biotechnologies, such as bulk RNA sequencing and in vitro models, are limited in capturing cellular heterogeneity or accurately mimicking the complexity of human ophthalmic diseases. The advent of single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has revolutionized ocular research by enabling high-resolution analysis at the single-cell level, uncovering cellular heterogeneity, and identifying disease-specific gene profiles. In this review, we provide a review of scRNA-seq application advancement in ocular physiology and pathology, highlighting its role in elucidating the molecular mechanisms of various ocular diseases, including myopia, ocular surface and corneal diseases, glaucoma, uveitis, retinal diseases, and ocular tumors. By providing novel insights into cellular diversity, gene expression dynamics, and cell\u2013cell interactions, scRNA-seq has facilitated the identification of novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets, and the further integration of scRNA-seq with other omics technologies holds promise for deepening our understanding of ocular health and diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biom15081120","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,4]],"date-time":"2025-08-04T09:41:17Z","timestamp":1754300477000},"page":"1120","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["The Advance of Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Applications in Ocular Physiology and Disease Research"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Ying","family":"Cheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an 710061, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sihan","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an 710061, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xueqing","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an 710061, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheng","family":"Pei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an 710061, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zong, Y., Xiao, S., Lei, D., and Li, H. 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