{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T00:02:36Z","timestamp":1790208156556,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,26]],"date-time":"2025-08-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756166400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Key R&amp;D Program of China","award":["2019YFD0902000"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019YFD0902000"]}]},{"name":"National Key R&amp;D Program of China","award":["2024EIA020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024EIA020"]}]},{"name":"National Key R&amp;D Program of China","award":["2024GYX038"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024GYX038"]}]},{"name":"National Key R&amp;D Program of China","award":["2024GYX041"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024GYX041"]}]},{"name":"National Key R&amp;D Program of China","award":["2025GYX053"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025GYX053"]}]},{"name":"Regional Innovation Project of Hubei Province","award":["2019YFD0902000"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019YFD0902000"]}]},{"name":"Regional Innovation Project of Hubei Province","award":["2024EIA020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024EIA020"]}]},{"name":"Regional Innovation Project of Hubei Province","award":["2024GYX038"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024GYX038"]}]},{"name":"Regional Innovation Project of Hubei Province","award":["2024GYX041"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024GYX041"]}]},{"name":"Regional Innovation Project of Hubei Province","award":["2025GYX053"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025GYX053"]}]},{"name":"Qianjiang Public Welfare Industry Research Plan Project","award":["2019YFD0902000"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019YFD0902000"]}]},{"name":"Qianjiang Public Welfare Industry Research Plan Project","award":["2024EIA020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024EIA020"]}]},{"name":"Qianjiang Public Welfare Industry Research Plan Project","award":["2024GYX038"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024GYX038"]}]},{"name":"Qianjiang Public Welfare Industry Research Plan Project","award":["2024GYX041"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024GYX041"]}]},{"name":"Qianjiang Public Welfare Industry Research Plan Project","award":["2025GYX053"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025GYX053"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biomolecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study presents a strategy to develop crayfish shell peptides with enhanced antioxidant and angiotensin-I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory properties. Crayfish shell protein hydrolysates (CSPH1\u20133) with different molecular weights were analyzed. CSPH2 (3\u20135 kDa) exhibited the strongest antioxidant activities, which could scavenge 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and the 2,2\u2032-azobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) sodium salt (ABTS) radical by (77.40 \u00b1 4.54)% and (91.59 \u00b1 0.30)%, respectively, and ACE inhibition activity of (64.74 \u00b1 0.64)%. CSPH2 was further separated into three fractions, and CSPHF2 showed the maximum biological activity. The sequences of the purified antioxidant peptide (APAPLPPPAP) and ACE inhibitory peptide (QGPDDPLIPIM) were identified by liquid chromatography\u2013tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS\/MS) in CSPHF2. These peptides increased the nitric oxide (NO) concentration and decreased the endothelin-1 (ET-1) content in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in a dose-dependent manner, while also inhibiting reactive oxygen species (ROS). In addition, CSPH showed protective effects in terms of oxidative damage to HepG2 cells induced by H2O2. These findings suggest that crayfish shell peptides have potential applications as ingredients in antihypertensive agents and antioxidants, offering significant health benefits when consumed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biom15091225","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,26]],"date-time":"2025-08-26T06:25:57Z","timestamp":1756189557000},"page":"1225","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Active Peptides from Crayfish Shell: Isolation, Purification, Identification and Cytoprotective Function on Cells Damaged by H2O2"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Chan","family":"Bai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Cold Chain Logistics Technology for Agro-Product, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agro-Product Processing and Nuclear Agricultural Technology, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No.5 Nanhu Avenue, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430064, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenqing","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Cold Chain Logistics Technology for Agro-Product, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agro-Product Processing and Nuclear Agricultural Technology, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No.5 Nanhu Avenue, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430064, China"},{"name":"School of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guowei","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Cold Chain Logistics Technology for Agro-Product, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agro-Product Processing and Nuclear Agricultural Technology, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No.5 Nanhu Avenue, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430064, China"},{"name":"School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ya","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyan","family":"Zu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Cold Chain Logistics Technology for Agro-Product, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agro-Product Processing and Nuclear Agricultural Technology, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No.5 Nanhu Avenue, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430064, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liang","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Cold Chain Logistics Technology for Agro-Product, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agro-Product Processing and Nuclear Agricultural Technology, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No.5 Nanhu Avenue, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430064, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ziyi","family":"Tu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hubei Crayfish Industrial Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd., Qianjiang 433115, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Cold Chain Logistics Technology for Agro-Product, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agro-Product Processing and Nuclear Agricultural Technology, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No.5 Nanhu Avenue, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430064, China"},{"name":"Hubei Crayfish Industrial Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd., Qianjiang 433115, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tao","family":"Liao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Cold Chain Logistics Technology for Agro-Product, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agro-Product Processing and Nuclear Agricultural Technology, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No.5 Nanhu Avenue, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430064, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1890\/1540-9295(2004)002[0035:LEATFI]2.0.CO;2","article-title":"Linking Ecologists and Traditional Farmers in the Search for Sustainable Agriculture","volume":"2","author":"Altieri","year":"2004","journal-title":"Front. Ecol. Environ."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1007\/s13593-021-00724-w","article-title":"Crayfish\u2013rice integrated system of production: An agriculture success story in China. A Review","volume":"41","author":"Jiang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Agron. Sustain. Dev."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tian, X., Yuan, X., He, Z., Li, W., Li, J., He, Y., Deng, S., Guo, J., Fang, M., and Wang, D. (2025). Construction of the Red Swamp Crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) Family Selection Population and Whole Genome Sequencing to Screen WIPFI Candidate Genes Related to Growth. Genes, 16.","DOI":"10.3390\/genes16020174"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cai, S.Y., Wang, Y.M., Zhao, Y.Q., Chi, C.F., and Wang, B. (2019). Cytoprotective Effect of Antioxidant Pentapeptides from the Protein Hydrolysate of Swim Bladders of Miiuy Croaker (Miichthys miiuy) against H2O2-Mediated Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cell (HUVEC) Injury. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 20.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20215425"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jff.2015.11.007","article-title":"Antioxidant peptides from marine by-products: Isolation, identification and application in food systems. A review","volume":"21","author":"Sila","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Funct. Foods"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2008.09.011","article-title":"Antioxidative and ACE inhibitory activities in enzymatic hydrolysates of the cotton leafworm, Spodoptera littoralis","volume":"114","author":"Vercruysse","year":"2009","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1080\/10942912.2022.2027964","article-title":"Functional Properties of Protein Hydrolyzate from Ribbon Fish (Lepturacanthus Savala) as Prepared by Enzymatic hydrolysis","volume":"25","author":"Yathisha","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Food Prop."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131539","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2021.131539","article-title":"Protective effect of antioxidant peptides from grass carp scale gelatin on the H2O2-mediated oxidative injured HepG2 cells","volume":"373","author":"Hu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"628","DOI":"10.1007\/s11947-015-1657-y","article-title":"Microwave-Intensified Enzymatic Deproteinization of Australian Rock Lobster Shells (Jasus edwardsii) for the Efficient Recovery of Protein Hydrolysate as Food Functional Nutrients","volume":"9","author":"Nguyen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Food Bioprocess. Tech."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111631","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lwt.2021.111631","article-title":"Antioxidant peptides derived from hydrolysates of red tilapia (Oreochromis sp.) scale","volume":"146","author":"Sierra","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lwt"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12077","DOI":"10.1039\/D1FO02830H","article-title":"A novel angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitory peptide from rabbit meat protein hydrolysate: Identification, molecular mechanism, and antihypertensive effect in vivo","volume":"12","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Food Funct."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fan, H., Yu, W., Liao, W., and Wu, J. (2020). Spent Hen Protein Hydrolysate with Good Gastrointestinal Stability and Permeability in Caco-2 Cells Shows Antihypertensive Activity in SHR. Foods, 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/foods9101384"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128159","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2020.128159","article-title":"Baijiu vinasse as a new source of bioactive peptides with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity","volume":"339","author":"Peng","year":"2021","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5230","DOI":"10.1039\/C8FO01146J","article-title":"Isolation, purification and the anti-hypertensive effect of a novel angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory peptide from Ruditapes philippinarum fermented with Bacillus natto","volume":"9","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Food Funct."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"963","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procbio.2014.03.004","article-title":"Functional, antioxidant and antibacterial properties of protein hydrolysates prepared from fish meat fermented by Bacillus subtilis A26","volume":"49","author":"Jemil","year":"2014","journal-title":"Process Biochem."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang, X., Noisa, P., and Yongsawatdigul, J. (2020). Chemical and Cellular Antioxidant Activities of In Vitro Digesta of Tilapia Protein and Its Hydrolysates. Foods, 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/foods9060833"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1002\/bmc.1291","article-title":"A rapid assay for angiotensin-converting enzyme activity using ultra-performance liquid chromatography\u2013mass spectrometry","volume":"24","author":"Geng","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biomed. Chromatogr."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procbio.2020.01.021","article-title":"Properties of ACE inhibitory peptide prepared from protein in green tea residue and evaluation of its anti-hypertensive activity","volume":"92","author":"Lai","year":"2020","journal-title":"Process Biochem."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54346","DOI":"10.1039\/C6RA07086H","article-title":"Purification, characterization and synthesis of antioxidant peptides from enzymatic hydrolysates of coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) cake protein isolates","volume":"6","author":"Zheng","year":"2016","journal-title":"Rsc Adv."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procbio.2022.01.008","article-title":"Antioxidant peptides from protein hydrolysate of skipjack tuna milt: Purification, identification, and cytoprotection on H2O2 damaged human umbilical vein endothelial cells","volume":"113","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Process Biochem."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jff.2008.09.014","article-title":"A modified methylene blue assay for accurate cell counting","volume":"1","author":"Felice","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Funct. Foods"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2020.127059","article-title":"Purification and identification of novel antioxidant peptides from watermelon seed protein hydrolysates and their cytoprotective effects on H2O2-induced oxidative stress","volume":"327","author":"Wen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2015.04.092","article-title":"Antioxidant peptides from corn gluten meal: Orthogonal design evaluation","volume":"187","author":"Zhou","year":"2015","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3244","DOI":"10.1080\/10942912.2017.1283516","article-title":"Amino acid composition and antioxidative properties of hydrolysed pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L.) oil cake protein","volume":"20","author":"Nourmohammadi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Food Prop."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113287","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lwt.2022.113287","article-title":"Isolation and characterization, antioxidant, and antihypertensive activity of novel bioactive peptides derived from hydrolysis of King Boletus mushroom","volume":"160","author":"Kaprasob","year":"2022","journal-title":"LWT"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2018.07.206","article-title":"Identification and characterization of antioxidant peptides from hydrolysate of blue-spotted stingray and their stability against thermal, pH and simulated gastrointestinal digestion treatments","volume":"271","author":"Wong","year":"2018","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1013","DOI":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2011.02.005","article-title":"Novel whey-derived peptides with inhibitory effect against angiotensin-converting enzyme: In vitro effect and stability to gastrointestinal enzymes","volume":"32","author":"Tavares","year":"2011","journal-title":"Peptides"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7127","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.6b02955","article-title":"Orally Available Collagen Tripeptide: Enzymatic Stability, Intestinal Permeability, and Absorption of Gly-Pro-Hyp and Pro-Hyp","volume":"64","author":"Sontakke","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molstruc.2011.05.011","article-title":"Quantitative structure\u2013activity relationship study of antioxidative peptide by using different sets of amino acids descriptors","volume":"998","author":"Li","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Mol. Struct."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124985","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2019.124985","article-title":"\u03b1-Glucosidase and ACE dual inhibitory protein hydrolysates and peptide fractions of sprouted quinoa yoghurt beverages inoculated with Lactobacillus casei","volume":"299","author":"Obaroakpo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1512","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2022.09.142","article-title":"Identification, molecular docking, and kinetic studies of six novel angiotensin-I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory peptides derived from Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) seed","volume":"220","author":"Zaharuddin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1751","DOI":"10.1080\/87559129.2021.1936005","article-title":"Understanding the Mechanism for the Structure-Activity Relationship of Food-Derived ACEI Peptides","volume":"39","author":"Ding","year":"2023","journal-title":"Food Rev. Int."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.21010\/ajtcam.v14i2.39","article-title":"Structural Characteristics and Antihypertensive Effects of Angiotensin-Iconverting Enzyme Inhibitory Peptides in the Renin-Angiotensin and Kallikrein Kinin Systems","volume":"14","author":"Manoharan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Afr. J. Tradit. Complement. Altern. Med."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2022.134127","article-title":"Purification identification and function analysis of ACE inhibitory peptide from Ulva prolifera protein","volume":"401","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1770","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2011.06.051","article-title":"Purification and identification of ACE inhibitory peptides from Haruan (Channa striatus) myofibrillar protein hydrolysate using HPLC\u2013ESI-TOF MS\/MS","volume":"129","author":"Ghassem","year":"2011","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meatsci.2015.01.013","article-title":"Identification of small peptides arising from hydrolysis of meat proteins in dry fermented sausages","volume":"104","author":"Bru","year":"2015","journal-title":"Meat Sci."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(95)76689-9","article-title":"Purification and Characterization of Angiotensin I-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors from Sour Milk","volume":"78","author":"Nakamura","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Dairy. Sci."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"965","DOI":"10.1093\/jaoac\/91.4.965","article-title":"BIOPEP database and other programs for processing bioactive peptide sequences","volume":"91","author":"Minkiewicz","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. AOAC Int."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Singh, A., Kadam, D., Gautam, A.R., Rengasamy, K.R.R., Aluko, R.E., and Benjakul, S. (2024). Angiotensin-I-converting enzyme and renin inhibitions by antioxidant shrimp shell protein hydrolysate and ultrafiltration peptide fractions. Food Biosci., 60.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fbio.2024.104524"},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhou, J., Han, Q., Koyama, T., and Ishizaki, S. (2023). Preparation, purification and characterization of antibacterial and ACE inhibitory peptides from head protein hydrolysate of kuruma shrimp, Marsupenaeus japonicus. Molecules, 28.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules28020894"},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"708","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2017.07.072","article-title":"Identification of peptides with antioxidant and antihypertensive capacities by RP-HPLC-Q-TOF-MS in dry fermented camel sausages inoculated with different starter cultures and ripening times","volume":"100","author":"Mejri","year":"2017","journal-title":"Food Res. Int."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1080\/10408398.2012.664829","article-title":"Isolation and characterization of peptides with antihypertensive activity in foodstuffs","volume":"55","author":"Puchalska","year":"2014","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Food Sci."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2019.03.035","article-title":"Eight antihypertensive peptides from the protein hydrolysate of Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba): Isolation, identification, and activity evaluation on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs)","volume":"121","author":"Zhao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Food Res. Int."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2412","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.0c06053","article-title":"Novel ACE Inhibitory peptides derived from yeast hydrolysates: Screening, inhibition mechanisms and effects on HUVECs","volume":"69","author":"Huang","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5594059","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/5594059","article-title":"Ferritinophagy-mediated ROS production contributed to proliferation inhibition, apoptosis, and ferroptosis induction in action of mechanism of 2-Pyridylhydrazone dithiocarbamate acetate","volume":"2021","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Oxid. Med. Cell Longev."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tifs.2020.02.012","article-title":"Advances on the antioxidant peptides from edible plant sources","volume":"99","author":"Wong","year":"2020","journal-title":"Trends Food Sci. Tech."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfda.2015.11.010","article-title":"Biochemical characterization of a novel antioxidant and angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibitory peptide from Struthio camelus egg white protein hydrolysis","volume":"24","author":"Asoodeh","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Food Drug Anal."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1021","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2016.07.018","article-title":"Extraction and characterization of protein from Irish brown seaweed Ascophyllum nodosum","volume":"99","author":"Kadam","year":"2017","journal-title":"Food Res. Int."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jff.2014.10.027","article-title":"Isolation and characterization of three antioxidant peptides from protein hydrolysate of bluefin leatherjacket (Navodon septentrionalis) heads","volume":"12","author":"Chi","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Funct. Foods"},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, W.Y., Zhao, Y.Q., Zhao, G.X., Chi, C.F., and Wang, B. (2020). Antioxidant peptides from collagen hydrolysate of redlip croaker (Pseudosciaena polyactis) scales: Preparation, characterization, and cytoprotective effects on H2O2-damaged HepG2 Cells. Mar. Drugs, 18.","DOI":"10.3390\/md18030156"},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103978","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jff.2020.103978","article-title":"Structure-activity relationship and pathway of antioxidant shrimp peptides in a PC12 cell model","volume":"70","author":"Wu","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Funct. Foods"}],"container-title":["Biomolecules"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2218-273X\/15\/9\/1225\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T18:32:47Z","timestamp":1760034767000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2218-273X\/15\/9\/1225"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,26]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]}},"alternative-id":["biom15091225"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/biom15091225","relation":{},"ISSN":["2218-273X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2218-273X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,26]]}}}