{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T02:43:21Z","timestamp":1790045001836,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":82,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,5]],"date-time":"2026-01-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767571200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ministry of University and Research (MUR), National Recovery and Resilience Plan (NRRP), project MNESYS","award":["(PE0000006)-(DN.1553 11.10.2022)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["(PE0000006)-(DN.1553 11.10.2022)"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000957","name":"Alzheimer\u2019s Association","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["23AARG-1030214"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["23AARG-1030214"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000957","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biomolecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Amyloid-related imaging abnormalities (ARIA) have gained significance in the context of anti-amyloid therapies (AATs), exhibiting clinical and radiological manifestations that overlap with Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy-related inflammation (CAA-ri). This review aims to elucidate the similarities and differences between spontaneous (sARIA) and drug-induced ARIA (dARIA). Methods: We conducted a narrative review comparing sARIA and dARIA, focusing on their underlying mechanisms, clinical presentations, and implications for diagnosis and treatment. Results: Both sARIA and dARIA are characterized by similar pathophysiological mechanisms involving amyloid deposits and neuroinflammation. Notably, ARIA can manifest as ARIA-E (edema) or ARIA-H (hemorrhage), with varying incidence rates in clinical trials. The review highlights that while sARIA occurs independently from treatment, dARIA is associated with AAT and can lead to significant symptomatic presentations. Conclusions: Understanding the continuum between sARIA and dARIA is crucial for improving diagnostic criteria, risk stratification, and therapeutic approaches. The proposed unified framework emphasizes the need for consensus in managing these conditions and advancing future research in amyloid-related diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biom16010089","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,5]],"date-time":"2026-01-05T16:07:07Z","timestamp":1767629227000},"page":"89","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Spontaneous and Drug-Induced Amyloid-Related Imaging Abnormalities: Overlaps, Divergences, and Clinical Implications Across a Continuum Between Alzheimer\u2019s Disease and Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7530-818X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marialuisa","family":"Zedde","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Stroke Unit, Neurology Unit, Azienda Unit\u00e0 Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy"},{"name":"\u201cThe Inflammatory Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy and Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Biomarkers\u201d Study Group of the SINDem (Italian Neurological Society for Dementia), 20145 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-2942-1307","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mattia","family":"Losa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"\u201cThe Inflammatory Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy and Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Biomarkers\u201d Study Group of the SINDem (Italian Neurological Society for Dementia), 20145 Milan, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-7121-8832","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elena","family":"Grisafi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PhD Program in Neuroscience, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy"},{"name":"CAA and AD Translational Research and Biomarkers Laboratory, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-3716-547X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Davide D.","family":"Lucia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PhD Program in Neuroscience, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy"},{"name":"CAA and AD Translational Research and Biomarkers Laboratory, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4429-914X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ilaria","family":"Gandoglia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-1594-2604","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Massimo","family":"Del Sette","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4740-1982","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matteo","family":"Pardini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy"},{"name":"Neurology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8029-3947","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luca","family":"Roccatagliata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy"},{"name":"Neuroradiology Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, 16126 Genoa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0512-9298","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rosario","family":"Pascarella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"\u201cThe Inflammatory Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy and Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Biomarkers\u201d Study Group of the SINDem (Italian Neurological Society for Dementia), 20145 Milan, Italy"},{"name":"Neuroradiology Unit, Ospedale SantaAULSS5 Polesana, 45100 Rovigo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3385-3224","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabrizio","family":"Piazza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"\u201cThe Inflammatory Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy and Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Biomarkers\u201d Study Group of the SINDem (Italian Neurological Society for Dementia), 20145 Milan, Italy"},{"name":"CAA and AD Translational Research and Biomarkers Laboratory, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2557","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awad059","article-title":"Pathological combinations in neurodegenerative disease are heterogeneous and disease-associated","volume":"146","author":"Robinson","year":"2023","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.12366","article-title":"Prevalence of cerebral amyloid angiopathy: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"18","author":"Klijn","year":"2022","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s 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