{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T14:59:04Z","timestamp":1787497144403,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":118,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770768000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Graduate Innovation Project at Hunan University of Chinese Medicine","award":["2024CX044"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024CX044"]}]},{"name":"Hunan Provincial Education Commission Foundation","award":["25A0803"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["25A0803"]}]},{"name":"Hunan Provincial Education Commission Foundation","award":["24A0683"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["24A0683"]}]},{"name":"Hunan Provincial Education Commission Foundation","award":["24B0885"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["24B0885"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biomolecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Mitochondria, the cell\u2019s powerhouses, generate ATP to sustain essential biological functions. Dysfunctional mitochondria can lead to cell death and subsequent tissue damage. Mitochondrial impairment is a key driver of cellular dysfunction in cardiomyocytes, endothelial cells, and macrophages, contributing to cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis, myocardial ischemia\u2013reperfusion injury, and cardiac hypertrophy. The signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) family regulates immune responses, apoptosis, and cell proliferation. Despite evidence suggesting that STATs influence mitochondrial pathways in various cardiovascular conditions, their roles are often contradictory and context-dependent. This review examines the structural and functional dynamics of STATs, their upstream and downstream signaling networks, and therapeutic strategies targeting STAT3 (the most extensively studied isoform), with a particular focus on natural compounds and pharmacological inhibitors. By synthesizing current findings, this review offers valuable insights into STATs as potential therapeutic targets for mitochondrial dysfunction in cardiovascular diseases, while also highlighting directions for future research.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biom16020286","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T13:25:49Z","timestamp":1770816349000},"page":"286","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["STAT-Mediated Mitochondrial Regulation in Cardiovascular Diseases: Mechanistic Insights and STAT3-Focused Therapeutic Strategies"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2120-7049","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bing","family":"Guo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical College, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lemei","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, Changsha Medical University, Changsha 410219, China"},{"name":"Hunan Key Laboratory of the Research and Development of Novel Pharmaceutical Preparations, Changsha Medical University, Changsha 410219, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuan","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hunan Key Laboratory of the Research and Development of Novel Pharmaceutical Preparations, Changsha Medical University, Changsha 410219, China"},{"name":"College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha Medical University, Changsha 410219, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2982","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.11.010","article-title":"Global Burden of Cardiovascular Diseases and Risk Factors, 1990\u20132019: Update From the GBD 2019 Study","volume":"76","author":"Roth","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. 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