{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]],"date-time":"2026-03-17T11:27:59Z","timestamp":1773746879958,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]],"date-time":"2026-03-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773705600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biomolecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is a genetic disorder characterized by progressive kidney enlargement by cyst formation. Endothelial dysfunction significantly contributes to chronic kidney disease (CKD). The Mediterranean diet (Med-diet) may reduce endothelial dysfunction in ADPKD patients, but its effect was not investigated in these patients. Our aim was to assess the relationship between Med-diet adherence and endothelial function biomarkers such as nitric oxide (NO) and endothelin-1 (ET-1). We enrolled ADPKD patients aged 18\u201370 years with CKD stages G2\u2013G4. Adherence to the Med-diet was evaluated using the PREDIMED questionnaire. NO and ET-1 were evaluated at enrolment. Correlations and associations between these markers and Med-diet adherence were analysed. We enrolled 63 patients with ADPKD (mean age was 50.0 \u00b1 11.8 years, 66.7% were female). A low\/intermediate adherence to Med-Diet was assessed in 47 (74.6%) patients. When comparing patients with low\/intermediate and high adherence, we found a higher NO and lower ET-1 serum concentration (p &lt; 0.001 and p = 0.014, respectively) in patients with high adherence compared with low\/intermediate ones. We found a significant correlation between Med-Diet adherence and NO (Spearman\u2019s rs = 0.696, p &lt; 0.001, 95%CI 0.542 to 0.805) and ET-1 serum concentrations (rs = \u22120.387, p = 0.002, 95%CI \u22120.579 to \u22120.154). For the univariable and multivariable linear regression analyses, we found an association between Med-Diet and NO (B: 0.547, 95%CI 0.050 to 0.121, p &lt; 0.001) between Med-Diet and ET-1 (B: \u22120.327, 95%CI \u22120.157 to \u22120.020, p = 0.012). In conclusion, higher Med-Diet adherence seems to be associated with more favourable endothelial function in ADPKD patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biom16030447","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]],"date-time":"2026-03-17T10:21:41Z","timestamp":1773742901000},"page":"447","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Role of Mediterranean Diet Adherence on Endothelial Dysfunction in Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease Patients"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-1929-3044","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luca","family":"Salomone","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Nephrology Unit, Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9467-5903","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Danilo","family":"Menichelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery, Surgical Specialties and Anesthesiology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1966-5945","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vittoria","family":"Cammisotto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6455-4828","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valentina","family":"Castellani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6357-5213","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniele","family":"Pastori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2265-7455","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pasquale","family":"Pignatelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0132-386X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna Paola","family":"Mitterhofer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nephrology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University of Rome, 00133 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8867-3979","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesca","family":"Tinti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nephrology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University of Rome, 00133 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7199-2954","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Silvia","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nephrology Unit, Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nefroe.2023.03.010","article-title":"The natural history of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. 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