{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:33:51Z","timestamp":1787027631903,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":147,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]],"date-time":"2026-03-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773964800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022YFC3500400"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFC3500400"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biomolecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Most patients with irritable bowel syndrome have diarrhea or constipation, two opposite bowel habits. Although defecation habits represent opposing phenotypes, patients across all subtypes exhibit visceral hypersensitivity. This review explores the common pathway that causes visceral hypersensitivity: the mast cell\u2013PAR2\u2013TRP axis. The mechanism involves tryptase released by mast cells. Furthermore, tryptase activates PAR2, which sensitizes downstream TRP ion channels that conduct pain signals. The review also examines the factors leading to the formation of different fecal characteristics. In terms of treatment, this review also summarizes therapeutic agents targeting different components of this axis. Future pharmaceutical research should focus more on the mast cell\u2013PAR2\u2013TRP axis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biom16030469","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]],"date-time":"2026-03-23T08:49:28Z","timestamp":1774255768000},"page":"469","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The Mast Cell\u2013PAR2\u2013TRP Axis: A Convergent Mechanism for Visceral Hypersensitivity Independent of Divergent Motility in IBS"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-6221-2901","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kaiyue","family":"Deng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Acupuncture and Tuina, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiazhen","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zitong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Acupuncture and Tuina, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-6901-5990","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jing","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Acupuncture and Tuina, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jialin","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Acupuncture and Tuina, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-0650-6506","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ru","family":"Nie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Acupuncture and Tuina, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xingbang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Acupuncture and Tuina, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhiqiang","family":"Dou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Acupuncture and Tuina, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zijian","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Acupuncture and Tuina, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yongzhi","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Acupuncture and Tuina, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tie","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Acupuncture and Tuina, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1257","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.03.035","article-title":"Rome IV\u2014Functional GI Disorders: Disorders of Gut-Brain Interaction","volume":"150","author":"Drossman","year":"2016","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-020-0286-8","article-title":"Global burden of irritable bowel syndrome: Trends, predictions and risk factors","volume":"17","author":"Black","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. 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