{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T07:03:02Z","timestamp":1792047782983,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":142,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777334400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biomolecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Essential oils (EOs) are complex plant-derived mixtures increasingly investigated for their anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and vasoprotective properties. Thromboinflammation, a process integrating coagulation, platelet activation, endothelial dysfunction, and inflammatory signaling, plays a central role in vascular pathology; however, the contribution of EOs to this process remains insufficiently characterized. This narrative review aims to synthesize current molecular and experimental evidence regarding the effects of EOs and their major bioactive constituents on pathways converging toward thromboinflammation. A focused PubMed\/MEDLINE search, supplemented by manual reference screening, was conducted to identify experimental and translational studies on EOs and selected constituents relevant to inflammatory mediators, oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, platelet activation, and thrombotic pathways. Available data from predominantly preclinical experimental models indicate that EOs can exert multi-target effects, including modulation of cytokine production, attenuation of oxidative stress, improvement in endothelial function, and inhibition of platelet aggregation, thereby influencing key components of thromboinflammatory pathways. Despite these promising findings, heterogeneity in chemical composition, limited standardization, uncertain exposure relevance, and the predominance of preclinical data remain important limitations. In conclusion, EOs represent a promising but still largely preclinical class of natural compounds capable of modulating interconnected mechanisms relevant to thromboinflammation; however, further translational and clinical studies are required to validate their therapeutic potential.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biom16050654","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T10:34:42Z","timestamp":1777458882000},"page":"654","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Essential Oils Modulating Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, Endothelial Dysfunction, and Thrombotic Pathways: Relevance to Thromboinflammation and Translational Perspectives"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0339-2831","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valeriu Mihai","family":"But","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine-Psycho-Neuroscience and Recovery, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-0027-0473","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mahmoud","family":"Elsaafin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of T\u00e2rgu Mure\u0219, 38 Gheorghe Marinescu Street, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariana","family":"Pacurar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of T\u00e2rgu Mure\u0219, 38 Gheorghe Marinescu Street, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1665-3239","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandra Mihaela","family":"Stoica","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Odontology and Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of T\u00e2rgu Mure\u0219, 540139 Targu Mures, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2943-4745","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristina-Ioana","family":"Bica","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pedodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of T\u00e2rgu Mure\u0219, 38 Gheorghe Marinescu Street, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annamaria","family":"Pallag","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410028 Oradea, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariana","family":"Muresan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preclinical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410068 Oradea, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2178-6491","article-title":"The Concept of Thromboinflammation","volume":"44","author":"Schrottmaier","year":"2024","journal-title":"Hamostaseologie"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.htct.2023.05.008","article-title":"Immunothrombosis and its underlying biological mechanisms","volume":"46","author":"Saito","year":"2024","journal-title":"Hematol. 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