{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T02:08:06Z","timestamp":1780538886317,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,31]],"date-time":"2026-05-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780185600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biomolecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: This comprehensive review with meta-analysis was to evaluate the effects of physical exercise interventions alone, as well as in combination with nutritional supplementation, on serum albumin levels in older people. Methods: A systematic literature review was performed across eight general electronic databases from inception to March 2026. The risk of bias was evaluated with the RoB 2 tool, and the certainty of evidence was determined using GRADE. The protocol has been registered in PROSPERO with registration number CRD420251072030. Results: A total of six randomized controlled trials were included, involving 330 older people (mean age: 72.1 \u00b1 5.4 years, 61% female). Physical exercise interventions alone significantly improved serum albumin levels in older people, whereas combined interventions including nutritional supplementation did not show additional significant effects. The majority of the studies assessed were deemed to have a significant risk of bias, resulting in a low overall certainty of evidence. Conclusions: Physical exercise treatments elevated blood albumin levels in older people; however, the combination of physical exercise and nutritional supplementation did not have a meaningful effect. Due to the limited reliability of the evidence, more extensive, high-caliber research are required.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biom16060817","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T01:08:02Z","timestamp":1780535282000},"page":"817","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effects of Physical Exercise with and Without Nutritional Supplementation on Serum Albumin in Older People: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-9453-2488","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pablo","family":"Aravena-Sagardia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical Education Pedagogy, Faculty of Education, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Chile, Temuco 4811230, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5359-6587","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edgar","family":"V\u00e1squez-Carrasco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Psychology, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3465548, Chile"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n en Ciencias Cognitivas, Facultad de Psicolog\u00eda, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3465548, Chile"},{"name":"VITALIS Longevity Center, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3465548, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-8223-8721","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u00c1lvaro Lev\u00edn","family":"Catrilao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctorate Program Physical Activity Sciences, Faculty of Education Sciences, Universidad Cat\u00f3lica del Maule, Talca 3465548, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0961-2869","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mauricio","family":"Barramu\u00f1o-Medina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kinesiology Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Chile, Temuco 4811230, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jordan","family":"Hernandez-Martinez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Activity Sciences, Universidad de Los Lagos, Osorno 5290000, Chile"},{"name":"Department of Education, Faculty of Humanities, Universidad de la Serena, La Serena 1700000, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3184-6482","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristian","family":"Sandoval-V\u00e1squez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Escuela de Tecnolog\u00eda M\u00e9dica, Facultad de Salud, Universidad Santo Tom\u00e1s, Los Carreras 753, Osorno 5310431, Chile"},{"name":"Departamento de Medicina Interna, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3948-8280","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pablo","family":"Vald\u00e9s-Badilla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Activity Sciences, Faculty of Education Sciences, Universidad Cat\u00f3lica del Maule, Talca 3465548, Chile"},{"name":"Sports Coach Career, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Vi\u00f1a del Mar, Vi\u00f1a del Mar 2520000, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0614-5561","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bruno","family":"Bizzozero-Peroni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health and Social Research Center, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 16080 Cuenca, Spain"},{"name":"Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institute and Stockholm University, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden"},{"name":"Higher Institute of Physical Education, Universidad de la Rep\u00fablica, Maldonado 20000, Uruguay"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vald\u00e9s-Badilla, P., Guzm\u00e1n-Mu\u00f1oz, E., Hernandez-Martinez, J., N\u00fa\u00f1ez-Espinosa, C., Delgado-Floody, P., Herrera-Valenzuela, T., Branco, B.H.M., Zapata-Bastias, J., and Nobari, H. 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