{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T09:53:16Z","timestamp":1785405196812,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":139,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781568000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities","award":["MICIU\/AEI\/10.13039\/501100011033"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MICIU\/AEI\/10.13039\/501100011033"]}]},{"award":["MICIU\/AEI\/10.13039\/501100011033"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MICIU\/AEI\/10.13039\/501100011033"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05r0vyz12","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Union","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/019w4f821","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003359","name":"Generalitat Valenciana","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CIPROM\/2021\/044"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CIPROM\/2021\/044"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003359","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003359","name":"Generalitat Valenciana","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CIGRIS\/2022\/133"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CIGRIS\/2022\/133"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003359","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003359","name":"Generalitat Valenciana","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CIGRIS\/2023\/106"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CIGRIS\/2023\/106"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003359","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["CIPROM\/2021\/044"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CIPROM\/2021\/044"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0097mvx21","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["CIGRIS\/2022\/133"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CIGRIS\/2022\/133"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0097mvx21","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["CIGRIS\/2023\/106"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CIGRIS\/2023\/106"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0097mvx21","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities","award":["CD25\/00007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CD25\/00007"]}]},{"award":["CD25\/00007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CD25\/00007"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05r0vyz12","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biomolecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Liver fibrosis is the excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) that occurs in most types of chronic liver diseases (CLDs) as a response to sustained liver injury. While the ECM comprises different proteins, collagen being the most abundant, the term matrisome refers to a plethora of ECM-related molecules, including collagen-associated proteins, growth factors, cytokines, enzymes and their endogenous inhibitors. The hepatic matrisome undergoes significant qualitative and quantitative changes during liver fibrosis. Despite intense research over recent years, our understanding of the matrisome in the liver\u2014both in health and disease\u2014and particularly of its function beyond its conventional structural role, remains poor. This review highlights how comprehending hepatic matrisome responses to liver injury can yield novel insights into disease progression and regression and could be exploited as a potential antifibrotic strategy. The antifibrotic potency of drugs that interfere with the matrisome at different levels has been demonstrated in preclinical studies, but translation to clinical trials remains still limited. So far, simtuzumab (LOXL2 inhibitor antibody), imatinib (small-molecule inhibitor against discoidin domain receptors\u2014DDRs), bexotegrast (integrin inhibitor), GR-MD-02 (galectin 3 inhibitor), and BMS-986263 (siRNA-targeting HSP47) have been or are being evaluated in clinical trials related to CLD, and some of them have shown promising results.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biom16060884","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T00:49:42Z","timestamp":1781743782000},"page":"884","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Matrix Reloaded: The Hepatic Matrisome as a Therapeutic Opportunity to Fight Liver Fibrosis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5079-2267","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristina","family":"Benavides","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Farmacolog\u00eda, Facultad de Medicina, Universitat de Val\u00e8ncia, 46010 Valencia, Spain"},{"name":"FISABIO\u2013Hospital Universitario Dr. Peset, 46017 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pepa","family":"Kecheva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Fisiolog\u00eda, Facultad de Medicina, Universitat de Val\u00e8ncia, 46010 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-0408-4622","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fernando","family":"Solano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Farmacolog\u00eda, Facultad de Medicina, Universitat de Val\u00e8ncia, 46010 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9602-8419","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Olga","family":"Mart\u00ednez-Arroyo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Farmacolog\u00eda, Facultad de Medicina, Universitat de Val\u00e8ncia, 46010 Valencia, Spain"},{"name":"FISABIO\u2013Hospital Universitario Dr. Peset, 46017 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8205-021X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan V.","family":"Esplugues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Farmacolog\u00eda, Facultad de Medicina, Universitat de Val\u00e8ncia, 46010 Valencia, Spain"},{"name":"FISABIO\u2013Hospital Universitario Dr. Peset, 46017 Valencia, Spain"},{"name":"CIBERehd (Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Enfermedades Hep\u00e1ticas y Digestivas), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 46010 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7870-1470","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana","family":"Blas-Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"FISABIO\u2013Hospital Universitario Dr. Peset, 46017 Valencia, Spain"},{"name":"Departamento de Fisiolog\u00eda, Facultad de Medicina, Universitat de Val\u00e8ncia, 46010 Valencia, Spain"},{"name":"CIBERehd (Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Enfermedades Hep\u00e1ticas y Digestivas), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 46010 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4487-2471","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nadezda","family":"Apostolova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Farmacolog\u00eda, Facultad de Medicina, Universitat de Val\u00e8ncia, 46010 Valencia, Spain"},{"name":"FISABIO\u2013Hospital Universitario Dr. Peset, 46017 Valencia, Spain"},{"name":"CIBERehd (Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Enfermedades Hep\u00e1ticas y Digestivas), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 46010 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"De Siervi, S., Cannito, S., and Turato, C. (2023). Chronic Liver Disease: Latest Research in Pathogenesis, Detection and Treatment. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 24.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms241310633"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-024-02072-z","article-title":"Liver diseases: Epidemiology, causes, trends and predictions","volume":"10","author":"Gan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Signal Transduct. Target. Ther."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI24282","article-title":"Liver fibrosis","volume":"115","author":"Bataller","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Clin. Investig."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1177\/1535370219898141","article-title":"Mechanisms of liver fibrosis and its role in liver cancer","volume":"245","author":"Dhar","year":"2020","journal-title":"Exp. Biol. Med."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1054","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.1998","article-title":"Real impact of liver cirrhosis on the development of hepatocellular carcinoma in various liver diseases-meta-analytic assessment","volume":"8","author":"Tarao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cancer Med."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2650","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2019.07.060","article-title":"Contemporary Epidemiology of Chronic Liver Disease and Cirrhosis","volume":"18","author":"Moon","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1335","DOI":"10.1097\/HEP.0000000000000004","article-title":"The global epidemiology of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH): A systematic review","volume":"77","author":"Younossi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2019.03.004","article-title":"Global liver disease burdens and research trends: Analysis from a Chinese perspective","volume":"71","author":"Xiao","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2023.03.017","article-title":"Global burden of liver disease: 2023 update","volume":"79","author":"Devarbhavi","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2018.09.014","article-title":"Burden of liver diseases in the world","volume":"70","author":"Asrani","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Garc\u00eda-Ros, A., Mor\u00e1n, S., N\u00fa\u00f1ez, V., Garc\u00eda-Ros, G., Ruiz, G., and Garc\u00eda-Solano, J. (2023). Impact of Direct-Acting Antiviral Therapy on Liver Fibrosis Regression among People with Chronic HCV Infection: Results from a Real-Life Cohort in Patients Who Achieved Sustained Virological Response. Medicina, 59.","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina59040814"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2010.97","article-title":"Evolving challenges in hepatic fibrosis","volume":"7","author":"Friedman","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1715","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.106597","article-title":"Metabolism of hepatic stellate cells in chronic liver diseases: Emerging molecular and therapeutic interventions","volume":"15","author":"Yan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lepreux, S., and Desmouli\u00e8re, A. (2015). Human liver myofibroblasts during development and diseases with a focus on portal (myo)fibroblasts. Front. Physiol., 6.","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2015.00173"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10512","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v22.i48.10512","article-title":"Liver fibrosis and hepatic stellate cells: Etiology, pathological hallmarks and therapeutic targets","volume":"22","author":"Zhang","year":"2016","journal-title":"World J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2019.04.012","article-title":"Activated hepatic stellate cells and portal fibroblasts contribute to cholestatic liver fibrosis in MDR2 knockout mice","volume":"71","author":"Nishio","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hempel, F., Roderfeld, M., Savai, R., Sydykov, A., Irungbam, K., Schermuly, R., Voswinckel, R., K\u00f6hler, K., Churin, Y., and Kiss, L. (2019). Depletion of Bone Marrow-Derived Fibrocytes Attenuates TAA-Induced Liver Fibrosis in Mice. Cells, 8.","DOI":"10.3390\/cells8101210"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Geng, Y., and Schwabe, R.F. (2025). Hepatic stellate cell heterogeneity: Functional aspects and therapeutic implications. Hepatology, online ahead of print.","DOI":"10.1097\/HEP.0000000000001386"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.31743","article-title":"Heterogeneity of HSCs in a Mouse Model of NASH","volume":"74","author":"Rosenthal","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-020-00372-7","article-title":"Molecular and cellular mechanisms of liver fibrosis and its regression","volume":"18","author":"Kisseleva","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dewidar, B., Meyer, C., Dooley, S., and Meindl-Beinker, A.N. (2019). TGF-\u03b2 in hepatic stellate cell activation and liver fibrogenesis-updated 2019. Cells, 8.","DOI":"10.3390\/cells8111419"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109445","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellsig.2019.109445","article-title":"Interleukin-10 induces senescence of activated hepatic stellate cells via STAT3-p53 pathway to attenuate liver fibrosis","volume":"66","author":"Huang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell Signal."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2019.01.004","article-title":"Blockade of YAP alleviates hepatic fibrosis through accelerating apoptosis and reversion of activated hepatic stellate cells","volume":"107","author":"Yu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mol. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2008.06.049","article-title":"Senescence of activated stellate cells limits liver fibrosis","volume":"134","author":"Krizhanovsky","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Acharya, P., Chouhan, K., Weiskirchen, S., and Weiskirchen, R. (2021). Cellular Mechanisms of Liver Fibrosis. Front. Pharmacol., 12.","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2021.671640"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4097205","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/4097205","article-title":"SECs (Sinusoidal Endothelial Cells), Liver Microenvironment, and Fibrosis","volume":"2017","author":"Natarajan","year":"2017","journal-title":"BioMed Res. Int."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1033","DOI":"10.7150\/ijbs.25589","article-title":"Kupffer-derived matrix metalloproteinase-9 contributes to liver fibrosis resolution","volume":"14","author":"Feng","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4195","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.023820","article-title":"The extracellular matrix at a glance","volume":"123","author":"Frantz","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Cell Sci."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1042\/CS20210679","article-title":"Interrelationships between the extracellular matrix and the immune microenvironment that govern epithelial tumour progression","volume":"136","author":"Kolesnikoff","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin. Sci."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.14336\/AD.2022.1116","article-title":"Extracellular matrix dynamics as an emerging yet understudied hallmark of aging and longevity","volume":"14","author":"Statzer","year":"2023","journal-title":"Aging Dis."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12705","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-92108-z","article-title":"A combined biomarker approach for characterising extracellular matrix profiles in acute myocardial infarction","volume":"11","author":"Holley","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Komosinska-Vassev, K., Ka\u0142u\u017cna, A., Jura-P\u00f3\u0142torak, A., Derkacz, A., and Olczyk, K. (2022). Circulating Profile of ECM-Related Proteins as Diagnostic Markers in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. J. Clin. Med., 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11195618"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-021-00544-0","article-title":"Extracellular matrix and its therapeutic potential for cancer treatment","volume":"6","author":"Huang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Signal Transduct. Target. Ther."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matbio.2018.02.020","article-title":"Therapeutic approaches to control tissue repair and fibrosis: Extracellular matrix as a game changer","volume":"71\u201372","author":"Walraven","year":"2018","journal-title":"Matrix Biol."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1216","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1176009","article-title":"The extracellular matrix: Not just pretty fibrils","volume":"326","author":"Hynes","year":"2009","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"a004903","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a004903","article-title":"Overview of the matrisome-an inventory of extracellular matrix constituents and functions","volume":"4","author":"Hynes","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb. Perspect. Biol."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"M111.014647","DOI":"10.1074\/mcp.M111.014647","article-title":"The matrisome: In silico definition and in vivo characterization by proteomics of normal and tumor extracellular matrices","volume":"11","author":"Naba","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Proteom."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1118","DOI":"10.1097\/HEP.0000000000000423","article-title":"Matrisome gene-based subclassification of patients with liver fibrosis identifies clinical and molecular heterogeneities","volume":"78","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"969","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.28918","article-title":"The hepatic \u201cmatrisome\u201d responds dynamically to injury: Characterization of transitional changes to the extracellular matrix in mice","volume":"65","author":"Massey","year":"2017","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2024-333213","article-title":"ECM1 attenuates hepatic fibrosis by interfering with mediators of latent TGF-\u03b21 activation","volume":"74","author":"Link","year":"2025","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0564","DOI":"10.1097\/HC9.0000000000000564","article-title":"Extracellular matrix protein 1 binds to connective tissue growth factor against liver fibrosis and ductular reaction","volume":"8","author":"Sun","year":"2024","journal-title":"Hepatol. Commun."},{"key":"ref_42","first-page":"474","article-title":"Syndecan-1 inhibits early stages of liver fibrogenesis by interfering with TGF\u03b21 action and upregulating MMP14","volume":"68\u201369","author":"Abdelfattah","year":"2018","journal-title":"Matrix Biol."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4033","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.109771","article-title":"Hepatic stellate cell-derived microfibrillar-associated protein 2 prevents liver fibrosis by regulating extracellular matrix and inflammation","volume":"15","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1492","DOI":"10.1097\/HEP.0000000000000042","article-title":"Intrahepatic osteopontin signaling by CREBZF defines a checkpoint for steatosis-to-NASH progression","volume":"78","author":"Ma","year":"2023","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matbio.2017.11.011","article-title":"Matrix metalloproteinase functions in hepatic injury and fibrosis","volume":"68\u201369","author":"Roderfeld","year":"2018","journal-title":"Matrix Biol."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114240","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2022.114240","article-title":"Matrikines as mediators of tissue remodelling","volume":"185","author":"Jariwala","year":"2022","journal-title":"Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Geervliet, E., and Bansal, R. (2020). Matrix Metalloproteinases as Potential Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets in Liver Diseases. Cells, 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/cells9051212"},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2051","DOI":"10.1080\/10717544.2021.1983071","article-title":"Endostatin in fibrosis and as a potential candidate of anti-fibrotic therapy","volume":"28","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Drug Deliv."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.pmbts.2017.02.005","article-title":"Biochemical and Biological Attributes of Matrix Metalloproteinases","volume":"147","author":"Cui","year":"2017","journal-title":"Prog. Mol. Biol. Transl. Sci."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhao, Y., Ye, W., Wang, Y.D., and Chen, W.D. (2022). HGF\/c-Met: A Key Promoter in Liver Regeneration. Front. Pharmacol., 13.","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2022.808855"},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2011.02.009","article-title":"Silencing tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) with short interfering RNA reveals a role for TIMP-1 in hepatic stellate cell proliferation","volume":"407","author":"Fowell","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"930","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.1999.tb04206.x","article-title":"Acetaldehyde-Mediated Collagen Regulation in Hepatic Stellate Cells","volume":"23","author":"Greenwel","year":"1999","journal-title":"Alcohol. Clin. Exp. Res."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1130","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2001.23788","article-title":"Intracellular signaling pathways involved in acetaldehyde-induced collagen and fibronectin gene expression in human hepatic stellate cells","volume":"33","author":"Ridolfi","year":"2001","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-291X(89)92418-2","article-title":"Covalent binding of acetaldehyde to type III collagen","volume":"159","author":"Jukkola","year":"1989","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.2337\/db16-0484","article-title":"Integrin-Linked Kinase Is Necessary for the Development of Diet-Induced Hepatic Insulin Resistance","volume":"66","author":"Williams","year":"2017","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Maseko, T.E., Peterov\u00e1, E., Elkalaf, M., Koutov\u00e1, D., Melek, J., Sta\u0148kov\u00e1, P., \u0160palkov\u00e1, V., Matar, R., Lotkov\u00e1, H., and \u010cervinkov\u00e1, Z. (2024). Collagen I Increases Palmitate-Induced Lipotoxicity in HepG2 Cells via Integrin-Mediated Death. Biomolecules, 14.","DOI":"10.20944\/preprints202408.0953.v1"},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6866","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.03475-12","article-title":"Syndecan-1 serves as the major receptor for attachment of hepatitis C virus to the surfaces of hepatocytes","volume":"87","author":"Shi","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4490","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-31566-z","article-title":"Collagen constitutes about 12% in females and 17% in males of the total protein in mice","volume":"13","author":"Tarnutzer","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"786","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm3904","article-title":"Remodelling the extracellular matrix in development and disease","volume":"15","author":"Bonnans","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell. Biol."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e182232","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.182232","article-title":"The transcription factor ZNF469 regulates collagen production in liver fibrosis","volume":"10","author":"Steinhauser","year":"2025","journal-title":"JCI Insight"},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-0716-1574-4_2","article-title":"Structure of Collagen","volume":"2347","author":"Zhao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Methods Mol. Biol."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-36841-y","article-title":"Discovery and evaluation of inhibitor of LARP6 as specific antifibrotic compound","volume":"9","author":"Stefanovic","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1848","DOI":"10.1038\/mt.2016.127","article-title":"MiR-29a Assists in preventing the activation of human stellate cells and promotes recovery from liver fibrosis in mice","volume":"24","author":"Matsumoto","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mol. Ther."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1186\/s13578-017-0161-7","article-title":"The roles of microRNA families in hepatic fibrosis","volume":"7","author":"Jiang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell Biosci."},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1111\/exd.14197","article-title":"Prolyl and lysyl hydroxylases in collagen synthesis","volume":"30","author":"Salo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Exp. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sbi.2019.01.015","article-title":"Collagen glycosylation","volume":"56","author":"Hennet","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Struct. Biol."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2479","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamcr.2013.04.008","article-title":"A molecular ensemble in the rER for procollagen maturation","volume":"1833","author":"Ishikawa","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1983","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbagen.2014.12.024","article-title":"Ziploc-ing the structure: Triple helix formation is coordinated by rough endoplasmic reticulum resident PPIases","volume":"1850","author":"Ishikawa","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2133","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.TM118.002812","article-title":"Roles of the endoplasmic reticulum-resident, collagen-specific molecular chaperone Hsp47 in vertebrate cells and human disease","volume":"294","author":"Ito","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_70","first-page":"a004978","article-title":"The collagen family","volume":"3","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb. Perspect. Biol."},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1186\/s13059-015-0676-3","article-title":"The ADAMTS (A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase with Thrombospondin motifs) family","volume":"16","author":"Kelwick","year":"2015","journal-title":"Genome Biol."},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24188","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M501486200","article-title":"Substrate-specific modulation of a multisubstrate proteinase. C-terminal processing of fibrillar procollagens is the only BMP-1-dependent activity to be enhanced by PCPE-1","volume":"280","author":"Moali","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1007\/s12307-012-0105-z","article-title":"Lysyl oxidase, extracellular matrix remodeling and cancer metastasis","volume":"5","author":"Xiao","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cancer Microenviron."},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10568","DOI":"10.1038\/srep10568","article-title":"Origin and evolution of lysyl oxidases","volume":"5","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"H1067","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00217.2012","article-title":"The role of lysyl oxidase family members in the stabilization of abdominal aortic aneurysms","volume":"303","author":"Remus","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2018.01.006","article-title":"Lysyl oxidase in cancer inhibition and metastasis","volume":"417","author":"Johnston","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cancer Lett."},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2004.11.054","article-title":"Evidence for increased lysyl oxidase, the extracellular matrix-forming enzyme, in Alzheimer\u2019s disease brain","volume":"376","author":"Gilad","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110791","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110791","article-title":"Lysyl oxidases: Emerging biomarkers and therapeutic targets for various diseases","volume":"131","author":"Yang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"865","DOI":"10.1038\/s41589-021-00830-6","article-title":"Imaging and targeting LOX-mediated tissue remodeling with a reactive collagen peptide","volume":"17","author":"Aronoff","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Chem. Biol."},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101637","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmgh.2025.101637","article-title":"Targeting LOXL1-expressing Hepatic Stellate Cell Inhibits Fibrogenesis and Sinusoid Angiogenesis via LOXL1\/RUNX1\/VEGFA Axis During Progression of Liver Fibrosis","volume":"20","author":"Yan","year":"2026","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"G605","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00222.2012","article-title":"Hepatic stellate cells and portal fibroblasts are the major cellular sources of collagens and lysyl oxidases in normal liver and early after injury","volume":"304","author":"Perepelyuk","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol."},{"key":"ref_82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Siegel, M., Strnad, P., Watts, R.E., Choi, K., Jabri, B., Omary, M.B., and Khosla, C. (2008). Extracellular transglutaminase 2 is catalytically inactive, but is transiently activated upon tissue injury. PLoS ONE, 3.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0001861"},{"key":"ref_83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matbio.2017.11.008","article-title":"Molecular pathways of cell-mediated degradation of fibrillar collagen","volume":"75\u201376","author":"Sprangers","year":"2019","journal-title":"Matrix Biol."},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"736","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.14390","article-title":"Collagen biology and non-invasive biomarkers of liver fibrosis","volume":"40","author":"Karsdal","year":"2020","journal-title":"Liver Int."},{"key":"ref_85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2017.07.014","article-title":"The good and the bad collagens of fibrosis\u2014Their role in signaling and organ function","volume":"121","author":"Karsdal","year":"2017","journal-title":"Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev."},{"key":"ref_86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.4137\/BMI.S6347","article-title":"Measurement of CO3-610, a potential liver biomarker derived from matrix metalloproteinase-9 degradation of collagen type iii, in a rat model of reversible carbon-tetrachloride-induced fibrosis","volume":"6","author":"Vassiliadis","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biomark. Insights"},{"key":"ref_87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1642","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2011.01.040","article-title":"Tissue transglutaminase does not affect fibrotic matrix stability or regression of liver fibrosis in mice","volume":"140","author":"Popov","year":"2011","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc3319","article-title":"The rationale for targeting the LOX family in cancer","volume":"12","author":"Barker","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.31236","article-title":"Lysyl Oxidase (LOX) Family Members: Rationale and Their Potential as Therapeutic Targets for Liver Fibrosis","volume":"72","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref_90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2018.01.019","article-title":"Inhibition of lysyl oxidase-like 1 (LOXL1) expression arrests liver fibrosis progression in cirrhosis by reducing elastin crosslinking","volume":"1864","author":"Zhao","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta Mol. Basis Dis."},{"key":"ref_91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1599","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.14-268425","article-title":"Lysyl oxidase activity contributes to collagen stabilization during liver fibrosis progression and limits spontaneous fibrosis reversal in mice","volume":"30","author":"Liu","year":"2016","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"ref_92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1583","DOI":"10.5665\/sleep.5052","article-title":"Lysyl Oxidase as a Serum Biomarker of Liver Fibrosis in Patients with Severe Obesity and Obstructive Sleep Apnea","volume":"38","author":"Mesarwi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"ref_93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3545","DOI":"10.1007\/s00261-020-02677-2","article-title":"Collagen-targeted molecular imaging in diffuse liver diseases","volume":"45","author":"Zhou","year":"2020","journal-title":"Abdom. Radiol."},{"key":"ref_94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1128","DOI":"10.1002\/chem.201801578","article-title":"Molecular Probes for Imaging Fibrosis and Fibrogenesis","volume":"25","author":"Montesi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chemistry"},{"key":"ref_95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1038\/ng1297","article-title":"Elastic fiber homeostasis requires lysyl oxidase-like 1 protein","volume":"36","author":"Liu","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"ref_96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1369","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI200112373","article-title":"DDR2 receptor promotes MMP-2-mediated proliferation and invasion by hepatic stellate cells","volume":"108","author":"Olaso","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Clin. Investig."},{"key":"ref_97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6633","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M116.770057","article-title":"Discoidin domain receptor 2 mediates collagen-induced activation of membrane-type 1 matrix metalloproteinase in human fibroblasts","volume":"292","author":"Majkowska","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_98","first-page":"G281","article-title":"A role for tissue transglutaminase in hepatic injury and fibrogenesis, and its regulation by NF-kappaB","volume":"272","author":"Mirza","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-019-3542-4","article-title":"Contribution of tissue transglutaminase to the severity of hepatic fibrosis resulting from Schistosoma japonicum infection through the regulation of IL-33\/ST2 expression","volume":"12","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Parasites Vectors"},{"key":"ref_100","first-page":"303","article-title":"The neo-epitope specific PRO-C3 ELISA measures true formation of type III collagen associated with liver and muscle parameters","volume":"5","author":"Nielsen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am. J. Transl. Res."},{"key":"ref_101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.12700","article-title":"Plasma Pro-C3 (N-terminal type III collagen propeptide) predicts fibrosis progression in patients with chronic hepatitis C","volume":"35","author":"Nielsen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Liver Int."},{"key":"ref_102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1704","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.08.052","article-title":"European Liver Fibrosis Group. Serum markers detect the presence of liver fibrosis: A cohort study","volume":"127","author":"Rosenberg","year":"2004","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1198","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.30590","article-title":"NGM282 Improves liver fibrosis and histology in 12 weeks in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis","volume":"71","author":"Harrison","year":"2020","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref_104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1369","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2018.01.005","article-title":"Accuracy of the enhanced liver fibrosis test vs. FibroTest, elastography, and indirect markers in detection of advanced fibrosis in patients with alcoholic liver disease","volume":"154","author":"Thiele","year":"2018","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1075","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.30163","article-title":"ADAPT: An Algorithm Incorporating PRO-C3 Accurately Identifies Patients with NAFLD and Advanced Fibrosis","volume":"69","author":"Daniels","year":"2019","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref_106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0467","DOI":"10.1097\/HC9.0000000000000467","article-title":"Serologic extracellular matrix remodeling markers are related to fibrosis stage and prognosis in a phase 2b trial of simtuzumab in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis","volume":"8","author":"Thorburn","year":"2024","journal-title":"Hepatol. Commun."},{"key":"ref_107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2141.1997.3293146.x","article-title":"The production of tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) in megakaryopoiesis: Possible role of platelet- and megakaryocyte-derived TIMPs in bone marrow fibrosis","volume":"99","author":"Murate","year":"1997","journal-title":"Br. J. Haematol."},{"key":"ref_108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sharip, A., and Kunz, J. (2025). Mechanosignaling via Integrins: Pivotal Players in Liver Fibrosis Progression and Therapy. Cells, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/cells14040266"},{"key":"ref_109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-023-01501-9","article-title":"Cellular mechanotransduction in health and diseases: From molecular mechanism to therapeutic targets","volume":"8","author":"Di","year":"2023","journal-title":"Signal Transduct. Target. Ther."},{"key":"ref_110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-024-10177-5","article-title":"YAP\/TAZ as Master Regulators in Liver Regeneration and Disease: Insights into Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targets","volume":"52","author":"Ye","year":"2025","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Rep."},{"key":"ref_111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"McQuitty, C.E., Williams, R., Chokshi, S., and Urbani, L. (2020). Immunomodulatory Role of the Extracellular Matrix Within the Liver Disease Microenvironment. Front. Immunol., 11.","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.574276"},{"key":"ref_112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1285","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.27936","article-title":"Specific hepatic delivery of procollagen \u03b11(I) small interfering RNA in lipid-like nanoparticles resolves liver fibrosis","volume":"62","author":"Sehgal","year":"2015","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref_113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matbio.2017.11.002","article-title":"Inducible knockdown of procollagen I protects mice from liver fibrosis and leads to dysregulated matrix genes and attenuated inflammation","volume":"66","author":"Molokanova","year":"2018","journal-title":"Matrix Biol."},{"key":"ref_114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1021\/acsmedchemlett.1c00006","article-title":"Discovery of a Lead Compound for Specific Inhibition of Type I Collagen Production in Fibrosis","volume":"12","author":"Stefanovic","year":"2021","journal-title":"ACS Med. Chem. Lett."},{"key":"ref_115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(97)80300-5","article-title":"Prolyl 4-hydroxylase inhibitor (HOE 077) inhibits pig serum-induced rat liver fibrosis by preventing stellate cell activation","volume":"27","author":"Matsumura","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"912","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.32181","article-title":"BMS-986263 in patients with advanced hepatic fibrosis: 36-week results from a randomized, placebo-controlled phase 2 trial","volume":"75","author":"Lawitz","year":"2022","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref_117","unstructured":"Bristol-Myers Squibb (2026, January 30). A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Parallel-Group, Multiple-Dose Phase 2 Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of BMS-986263 in Adults with Compensated Cirrhosis from Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH), clinicaltrials.gov, Available online: https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT04267393."},{"key":"ref_118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1759","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.14074","article-title":"The lysyl oxidase like 2\/3 enzymatic inhibitor, PXS-5153A, reduces crosslinks and ameliorates fibrosis","volume":"23","author":"Schilter","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Cell Mol. Med."},{"key":"ref_119","first-page":"e0863","article-title":"A novel cell-permeable LOXL2 inhibitor PAT-1251 potently suppresses biliary liver fibrosis via collagen crosslinking-dependent and -independent mechanisms","volume":"10","author":"An","year":"2025","journal-title":"Hepatol. Commun."},{"key":"ref_120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1697","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2016-312473","article-title":"Selective targeting of lysyl oxidase-like 2 (LOXL2) suppresses hepatic fibrosis progression and accelerates its reversal","volume":"66","author":"Ikenaga","year":"2017","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"ref_121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1140","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2018.07.006","article-title":"GS-US-321-0105 and GS-US-321-0106 Investigators. Simtuzumab Is Ineffective for Patients With Bridging Fibrosis or Compensated Cirrhosis Caused by Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis","volume":"155","author":"Harrison","year":"2018","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"684","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.30237","article-title":"GS-US-321-0102 Investigators. Simtuzumab for primary sclerosing cholangitis: Phase 2 study results with insights on the natural history of the disease","volume":"69","author":"Muir","year":"2019","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref_123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1783","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.13177","article-title":"Simtuzumab treatment of advanced liver fibrosis in HIV and HCV-infected adults: Results of a 6-month open-label safety trial","volume":"36","author":"Meissner","year":"2016","journal-title":"Liver Int."},{"key":"ref_124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Luo, Z., Liu, H., Sun, X., Guo, R., Cui, R., Ma, X., and Yan, M. (2013). RNA interference against discoidin domain receptor 2 ameliorates alcoholic liver disease in rats. PLoS ONE, 8.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0055860"},{"key":"ref_125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2894","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2011.09.002","article-title":"Loss of discoidin domain receptor 2 promotes hepatic fibrosis after chronic carbon tetrachloride through altered paracrine interactions between hepatic stellate cells and liver-associated macrophages","volume":"179","author":"Olaso","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am. J. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_126","unstructured":"Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases (RIGLD) (2026, January 30). A Phase I\/II, Randomized, Double-Blind Intervention Trial for Evaluating the Safety and Efficacy of Imatinib in Subjects with Advance Fibrosis, clinicaltrials.gov, Available online: https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT05224128."},{"key":"ref_127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2003.50063","article-title":"Delivery of matrix metalloproteinase-1 attenuates established liver fibrosis in the rat","volume":"124","author":"Iimuro","year":"2003","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu, J., Cheng, X., Guo, Z., Wang, Z., Li, D., Kang, F., Li, H., Li, B., Cao, Z., and Nassal, M. (2013). Truncated active human matrix metalloproteinase-8 delivered by a chimeric adenovirus-hepatitis B virus vector ameliorates rat liver cirrhosis. PLoS ONE, 8.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0053392"},{"key":"ref_129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5655","DOI":"10.2147\/DDDT.S92481","article-title":"Adenoviral delivery of truncated MMP-8 fused with the hepatocyte growth factor mutant 1K1 ameliorates liver cirrhosis and promotes hepatocyte proliferation","volume":"9","author":"Liu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Drug Des. Dev. Ther."},{"key":"ref_130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"963","DOI":"10.3892\/etm.2021.10395","article-title":"Application of TGF-\u03b21, TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 small interfering RNAs can alleviate CCl4-induced hepatic fibrosis in rats by rebalancing Th1\/Th2 cytokines","volume":"22","author":"Xue","year":"2021","journal-title":"Exp. Ther. Med."},{"key":"ref_131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v7.i3.363","article-title":"Inhibiting effect of antisense oligonucleotides phosphorthioate on gene expression of TIMP-1 in rat liver fibrosis","volume":"7","author":"Nie","year":"2001","journal-title":"World J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1607","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2013.01.036","article-title":"Antifibrotic effects of a recombinant adeno-associated virus carrying small interfering RNA targeting TIMP-1 in rat liver fibrosis","volume":"182","author":"Cong","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am. J. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1002\/path.3981","article-title":"Endocytic collagen degradation: A novel mechanism involved in protection against liver fibrosis","volume":"227","author":"Madsen","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.08.022","article-title":"Clusterin Drives Fiber Endocytosis by Mesothelial Cells to Resolve Liver Fibrosis","volume":"170","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Krzistetzko, J., G\u00e9raud, C., Dormann, C., Riedel, A., and Leibing, T. (2023). Association of Differentially Altered Liver Fibrosis with Deposition of TGFBi in Stabilin-Deficient Mice. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 24.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms241310969"},{"key":"ref_136","first-page":"2679","article-title":"Decorin accelerates the liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy in fibrotic mice","volume":"127","author":"Ma","year":"2014","journal-title":"Chin. Med. J."},{"key":"ref_137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1183","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.13816","article-title":"Randomised clinical study: GR-MD-02, a galectin-3 inhibitor, vs. placebo in patients having non-alcoholic steatohepatitis with advanced fibrosis","volume":"44","author":"Harrison","year":"2016","journal-title":"Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"ref_138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Harrison, S.A., Dennis, A., Fiore, M.M., Kelly, M.D., Kelly, C.J., Paredes, A.H., Whitehead, J.M., Neubauer, S., Traber, P.G., and Banerjee, R. (2018). Utility and variability of three non-invasive liver fibrosis imaging modalities to evaluate efficacy of GR-MD-02 in subjects with NASH and bridging fibrosis during a phase-2 randomized clinical trial. PLoS ONE, 13.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0203054"},{"key":"ref_139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100115","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2020.100115","article-title":"The liver matrisome\u2014Looking beyond collagens","volume":"2","author":"Arteel","year":"2020","journal-title":"JHEP Rep."}],"container-title":["Biomolecules"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2218-273X\/16\/6\/884\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T10:06:51Z","timestamp":1782468411000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2218-273X\/16\/6\/884"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]]},"references-count":139,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]}},"alternative-id":["biom16060884"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/biom16060884","relation":{},"ISSN":["2218-273X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2218-273X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]]}}}