{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T11:53:50Z","timestamp":1782820430216,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782172800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biomolecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Childhood obesity and overweight have increased considerably in recent years, representing a major global public health problem. This was a comparative study between a group of overweight or obese children and a group of normal-weight children, within an observational setting, performed in a previously studied cohort in which, in the present work, the objective was specifically to evaluate lipoprotein subclasses, particle size, particle number and lipid composition. Methods: We studied the different lipoprotein particles using the Liposcale test. The number of particles of each lipoprotein subclass was quantified by 1H-NMR. This method measures the signals emitted by the protons of the terminal methyl group of the four types of lipids present in the lipoprotein particles. Results: It was found that the concentrations of VLDL-C, VLDL-TG, IDL-TG, and HDL-TG, as well as the number of VLDL-Ps and all their subclasses, were statistically higher in the overweight\/obese children group. REM-C was also higher in overweight\/obese children, and they had a smaller mean LDL-Z. Conclusions: These results support the presence, already in prepubertal childhood, of early metabolic alterations, associated with excess weight, and show that advanced lipoprotein profiling may provide additional information beyond the conventional lipid profile.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biom16070927","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T10:01:17Z","timestamp":1782813677000},"page":"927","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Composition and Characterization of the Different Lipoproteins in Overweight\/Obese Children vs. Normal-Weight Children"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0690-4951","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jose","family":"Cuenca-Alcocel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Biochemistry Department, Obispo Polanco Hospital, 44002 Teruel, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3847-3300","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lorena","family":"Villalba-Heredia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daiana","family":"Ibarretxe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Rovira i Virgili University, Vascular Medicine and Metabolism Unit, \u201cSant Joan\u201d University Hospital, Pere Virgili Institute for Health Research (IISPV), Biomedical Research Networking Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Avda. Josep Laporte 2, 43204 Reus, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7215-6931","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jose A.","family":"Casaj\u00fas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Physiatry and Nursing, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain"},{"name":"Biomedical Research Center Network for Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Carlos III Health Institute, 28029 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8982-3737","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jose M.","family":"Arbon\u00e9s-Mainar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Research Center Network for Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Carlos III Health Institute, 28029 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Adipocyte and Fat Biology Laboratory (AdipoFat), Transversal Research Unit, Miguel Servet University Hospital, Aragon Health Research Institute, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pilar","family":"Calmarza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Biochemistry Department, Miguel Servet University Hospital, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain"},{"name":"Biomedical Research Networking Center for Cardiovascular Diseases (CIBERCV), Carlos III Health Institute, Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pavilion 11. Ground Floor, 28029 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Commissions on Oxidative Stress and Lipoproteins and Vascular Diseases of the Spanish Society of Laboratory Medicine (SEQCML), 08025 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1159\/000455952","article-title":"Variations in the Prevalence of Obesity Among European Countries, and a Consideration of Possible Causes","volume":"10","author":"Blundell","year":"2017","journal-title":"Obes. Facts"},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"27","article-title":"Childhood Obesity in Spain and Associated Factors","volume":"38","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nutr. 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