{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]],"date-time":"2026-07-27T02:00:31Z","timestamp":1785117631289,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":78,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,25]],"date-time":"2026-07-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784937600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Health Institutes of T\u00fcrkiye","award":["28742\/2022-AC\u0130L-10"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["28742\/2022-AC\u0130L-10"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biomolecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Glioblastoma (GBM) is a devastating brain tumor heavily reliant on metabolic reprogramming for survival. The DNA aptamer AS1411 specifically targets cell-surface nucleolin (NCL), a protein overexpressed in GBM; however, its precise metabolic consequences remain largely unexplored. This study investigated the direct impact of AS1411-mediated NCL inhibition on the lipidomic profile of U-87 glioblastoma cells. It was demonstrated that AS1411 treatment induced acute cytotoxicity within 24 h. Subsequently, high-resolution mass spectrometry (MS) lipidomics was utilized to identify the lipidomic rewiring triggered by AS1411. Significant changes, such as the upregulation and\/or exclusive emergence of specific long-chain and highly polyunsaturated diacylglycerol (DAG), triacylglycerol (TAG), and glycerophospholipid (GP) species, were determined in the species-level analyses. Additionally, our findings revealed that AS1411 treatment induced substantial alterations that profoundly affected membrane biophysics by modifying lipid saturation and acyl chain lengths. An increase in fully saturated sphingomyelin (SM) and cholesteryl ester (CE) levels was observed, leading to the formation of saturated lipid microdomains (lipid rafts) in endosomal and ER membranes, which causes membrane rigidification and decreased fluidity. Our results also demonstrate that PEs containing long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs)\u2014the primary substrates for ferroptosis\u2014were upregulated. While AS1411 subjects cancer cells to methuotic vacuolization stress, it simultaneously reduces internal structural membrane fluidity and renders the cells metabolically vulnerable to ferroptosis. In conclusion, these detailed lipidomic results indicate that AS1411 treatment proceeds strictly through targeted remodeling and an adaptive scaffolding response.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biom16081091","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]],"date-time":"2026-07-27T01:26:23Z","timestamp":1785115583000},"page":"1091","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["AS1411-Induced Lipidomic Alterations and Therapeutic Insights in U-87 Glioblastoma Cells"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2710-2149","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ozan","family":"K\u0131l\u0131\u00e7kaya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University, 03030 Afyonkarahisar, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1057-2558","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Serap","family":"\u015eahin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University, 03030 Afyonkarahisar, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.4161\/rna.19718","article-title":"RNA-Binding Protein Nucleolin in Disease","volume":"9","author":"Abdelmohsen","year":"2012","journal-title":"RNA Biol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tcb.2006.11.010","article-title":"Nucleolin: A MultiFACeTed Protein","volume":"17","author":"Mongelard","year":"2007","journal-title":"Trends Cell Biol."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149479","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gene.2025.149479","article-title":"Investigating the Multifaceted Role of Nucleolin in Cellular Function and Cancer: Structure, Regulation, and Therapeutic Implications","volume":"957","author":"Prakash","year":"2025","journal-title":"Gene"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9441","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gks720","article-title":"Interaction of Nucleolin with Ribosomal RNA Genes and Its Role in RNA Polymerase I Transcription","volume":"40","author":"Cong","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.112.6.761","article-title":"Structure and Functions of Nucleolin","volume":"112","author":"Ginisty","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. 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