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This study investigates how these conditions alter the interfacial behavior of meibomian gland secretion (MGS) films in vitro and evaluates the capacity of mucomimetic polymers (0.5% hyaluronic acid [HA], polyvinylpyrrolidone [PVP], and chondroitin sulfate [CHS]) to suppress these impacts. MGS films over polymer-containing aqueous subphases were analyzed using a Langmuir trough and Brewster angle microscopy under adverse conditions (20 \u00b0C subphase, 20% RH, PM2.5 exposure). A sophisticated analytical framework was developed to evaluate MGS duplex multilayers: (i) a Volmer equation-based 2D-VES model to probe interfacial molecular properties (limiting area, compressibility, cohesion pressure) and (ii) a combined Maxwell viscoelastic and diffusion-relaxation model to quantify the dilatational relaxation modulus. Results indicate that despite their distinct nature, environmental stressors similarly disrupt the multilayer structure, reorganization, and rheological properties of MGS layers during blink-like deformations. Polymer supplementation moderated these adverse effects, yielding partial recovery of film structure and isothermal reversibility. Distinct mechanisms of action for HA, PVP, and CHS at the film\/aqueous interface are elucidated.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biom16081094","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]],"date-time":"2026-07-27T08:15:56Z","timestamp":1785140156000},"page":"1094","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Interactions of Mucomimetic Polymers and Meibomian Surface Films upon Exposure to Environmental Stressors"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Georgi As.","family":"Georgiev","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Physics, Sofia University \u201cSt. Kliment Ohridski\u201d, 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria"},{"name":"Center of Competence \u201cClean Technologies for Sustainable Environment\u2014Waters, Wastes, Energy for Circular Economy\u201d, Sofia University \u201cSt. Kliment Ohridski\u201d, 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4839-3416","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Norihiko","family":"Yokoi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-8978-894X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Florence","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research and Development Department, Rohto Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Osaka 544-0012, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-4416-0953","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mihaela","family":"Bacheva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Physics, Sofia University \u201cSt. Kliment Ohridski\u201d, 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miho","family":"Nishiyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research and Development Department, Rohto Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Osaka 544-0012, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toshiyuki","family":"Hotta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research and Development Department, Rohto Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Osaka 544-0012, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5579","DOI":"10.1039\/C4SM00758A","article-title":"Surface relaxations as a tool to distinguish the dynamic interfacial properties of films formed by normal and diseased meibomian lipids","volume":"10","author":"Georgiev","year":"2014","journal-title":"Soft Matter"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2720","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.12-10987","article-title":"Structural and Rheological Properties of Meibomian Lipid","volume":"54","author":"Rosenfeld","year":"2013","journal-title":"Investig. 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