{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T14:47:17Z","timestamp":1792162037365,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786924800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biomolecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Mitochondrial dysfunction is increasingly recognized as a central contributor to intrinsic skin aging, photoaging, cellular senescence, impaired extracellular-matrix homeostasis, dysregulated pigmentation, and delayed recovery after energy-based or minimally invasive procedures. Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) is a redox-active ortho-quinone that has attracted interest because it can participate in repeated redox cycling, protect mitochondrial function, and activate signaling associated with mitochondrial biogenesis. Objective: This narrative review evaluates the mechanistic basis, available dermatologic evidence, translational opportunities, and major uncertainties surrounding PQQ as a mitochondrial rejuvenation strategy in aesthetic dermatology. Methods: PubMed\/MEDLINE and Europe PMC were searched from database inception through 10 August 2026 using PQQ-, mitochondrial-, skin-, delivery-, and safety-related terms; reference lists were also screened. Mechanistic, preclinical, skin-focused, human, and regulatory evidence was synthesized narratively. Results: Experimental studies support PQQ-mediated activation of mitochondrial biogenesis pathways and protection against oxidative injury in several cell and animal systems. Skin-specific evidence includes attenuation of oxidative stress, DNA damage, senescence markers, and matrix metalloproteinases in accelerated-aging mouse models; protection of UVA-exposed human dermal fibroblasts; suppression of UVB-induced caspase-1 release in keratinocytes; a small oral dry-skin study; and a multi-ingredient topical study containing an allyl PQQ derivative. These studies do not establish PQQ-specific clinical aesthetic efficacy. Conclusion: PQQ is a biologically plausible mitochondrial-support compound, but it should currently be regarded as an investigational ingredient rather than an established aesthetic treatment. Carefully designed formulation, toxicology, dose-finding, biomarker, and randomized clinical studies are required before claims regarding wrinkle reduction, pigment improvement, enhanced collagen production, or accelerated post-procedure recovery can be justified.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biom16081197","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T10:04:36Z","timestamp":1786961076000},"page":"1197","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Pyrroloquinoline Quinone (PQQ) as a Mitochondrial Rejuvenation Strategy in Aesthetic Dermatology: Mechanisms, Therapeutic Potential, and Future Clinical Applications"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5572-1364","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kyu-Ho","family":"Yi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division in Anatomy & Developmental Biology, Department of Oral Biology, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"You and I Clinic, Seoul 27454, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2016.09.015","article-title":"The skin aging exposome","volume":"85","author":"Krutmann","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. 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