{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T09:05:41Z","timestamp":1789635941493,"version":"4.0.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789603200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006769","name":"Russian Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["23-74-30003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["23-74-30003"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006769","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["23-74-30003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["23-74-30003"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03y2gwe85","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biomolecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In recent years, short plant peptides have emerged as highly promising, innovative bioregulators of crop growth and resilience. Activating systemic defense using synthetic plant peptides represents a potent strategy to improve crop resistance against pathogenic threats. Potato virus Y (PVY) causes devastating economic losses in potato (Solanum tuberosum) crops. In this study, we investigated the protective activity of synthetic analogs of systemin, a classic defense peptide originally discovered within the Solanaceae family. We synthesized the putative potato octadecapeptide systemin (AVHSTPPSKRDPPKMQTD) along with two 17-mer variants, each truncated by a single amino acid residue at either the N- or C-terminus, for foliar application. The defensive efficacy of these peptides was evaluated using inoculation and monitoring viral accumulation under controlled growth chamber conditions. Foliar application of all three synthetic peptides significantly reduced the accumulation of the PVYO ordinary strain over a one-month post-infection period with comparable efficacy. Furthermore, we demonstrated the antiviral effect of the synthetic octadecapeptide against the exceptionally devastating and widespread recombinant PVYNTN strain. These findings suggest that synthetic derivatives of potato systemin could serve as potential tools for developing eco-friendly antiviral strategies for sustainable crop protection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biom16091353","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T08:03:17Z","timestamp":1789632197000},"page":"1353","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Synthetic Potato Systemin Enhances Solanum tuberosum Resistance to Potato Virus Y"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Alexander","family":"Skripnikov","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Shemyakin\u2013Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya Street 16\/10, Moscow 119997, Russia"},{"name":"Biology Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskiye Gory 1, Building 12, Moscow 119234, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tatiana","family":"Suprunova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Doka-Gene Technologies Ltd., Moscow Region, Rogachevo 141880, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Taliansky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shemyakin\u2013Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya Street 16\/10, Moscow 119997, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9574-6993","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natalia O.","family":"Kalinina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shemyakin\u2013Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya Street 16\/10, Moscow 119997, Russia"},{"name":"Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskiye Gory 1, Building 40, Moscow 119234, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2095","DOI":"10.1105\/tpc.15.00440","article-title":"The Plant Peptidome: An Expanding Repertoire of Structural Features and Biological Functions","volume":"27","author":"Tavormina","year":"2015","journal-title":"Plant Cell"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aac.2023.01.003","article-title":"Peptides, New Tools for Plant Protection in Eco-Agriculture","volume":"2","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Adv. Agrochem"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1186\/s43897-024-00134-y","article-title":"Peptide Hormones in Plants","volume":"5","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Mol. Hortic."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ren, G., Zhang, Y., Chen, Z., Xue, X., and Fan, H. (2024). Research Progress of Small Plant Peptides on the Regulation of Plant Growth, Development, and Abiotic Stress. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 25.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25074114"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.1126\/science.253.5022.895","article-title":"A Polypeptide from Tomato Leaves Induces Wound-Inducible Proteinase Inhibitor Proteins","volume":"253","author":"Pearce","year":"1991","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30044","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M304159200","article-title":"Systemic Signaling in Tomato Plants for Defense against Herbivores. Isolation and Characterization of Three Novel Defense-Signaling Glycopeptide Hormones Coded in a Single Precursor Gene","volume":"278","author":"Pearce","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1080\/17429145.2022.2072528","article-title":"Combination of the Systemin Peptide with the Beneficial Fungus Trichoderma afroharzianum T22 Improves Plant Defense Responses against Pests and Diseases","volume":"17","author":"Aprile","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Plant Interact."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7713","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.87.19.7713","article-title":"Interplant Communication: Airborne Methyl Jasmonate Induces Synthesis of Proteinase Inhibitors in Plant Leaves","volume":"87","author":"Farmer","year":"1990","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.2307\/3869566","article-title":"Octadecanoid Precursors of Jasmonic Acid Activate the Synthesis of Wound-Inducible Proteinase Inhibitors","volume":"4","author":"Farmer","year":"1992","journal-title":"Plant Cell"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6416","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.072072599","article-title":"Distinct Roles for Jasmonate Synthesis and Action in the Systemic Wound Response of Tomato","volume":"99","author":"Li","year":"2002","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1093\/mp\/ssr008","article-title":"Systemin\/Jasmonate-Mediated Systemic Defense Signaling in Tomato","volume":"4","author":"Sun","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mol. Plant"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1573","DOI":"10.1111\/nph.16495","article-title":"Systemin-Mediated Long-Distance Systemic Defense Responses","volume":"226","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"New Phytol."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1561","DOI":"10.1105\/tpc.10.9.1561","article-title":"The Plant Wound Hormone Systemin Binds with the N-Terminal Part to Its Receptor but Needs the C-Terminal Part to Activate It","volume":"10","author":"Meindl","year":"1998","journal-title":"Plant Cell"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1525","DOI":"10.1105\/tpc.11.8.1525","article-title":"A 160-kD Systemin Receptor on the Surface of Lycopersicon peruvianum Suspension-Cultured Cells","volume":"11","author":"Scheer","year":"1999","journal-title":"Plant Cell"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9585","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.132266499","article-title":"The Systemin Receptor SR160 from Lycopersicon peruvianum Is a Member of the LRR Receptor Kinase Family","volume":"99","author":"Scheer","year":"2002","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10114","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1432910100","article-title":"Generation of Systemin Signaling in Tobacco by Transformation with the Tomato Systemin Receptor Kinase Gene","volume":"100","author":"Scheer","year":"2003","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1038\/s41477-018-0106-0","article-title":"The Systemin Receptor SYR1 Enhances Resistance of Tomato against Herbivorous Insects","volume":"4","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Plants"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6509","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2025.07.044","article-title":"A Receptor Antagonist Counterbalances Multiple Systemin Phytocytokines in Tomato","volume":"188","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1186\/s13007-018-0301-z","article-title":"Accurate and Easy Method for Systemin Quantification and Examining Metabolic Changes under Different Endogenous Levels","volume":"14","author":"Pastor","year":"2018","journal-title":"Plant Methods"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-arplant-050312-120122","article-title":"Posttranslationally Modified Small-Peptide Signals in Plants","volume":"65","author":"Matsubayashi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Plant Biol."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1005986004615","article-title":"Prosystemin from Potato, Black Nightshade, and Bell Pepper: Primary Structure and Biological Activity of Predicted Systemin Polypeptides","volume":"36","author":"Constabel","year":"1998","journal-title":"Plant Mol. Biol."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1091","DOI":"10.4161\/psb.3.12.6907","article-title":"Peptide Signals for Plant Defense Display a More Universal Role","volume":"3","author":"Pearce","year":"2008","journal-title":"Plant Signal Behav."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)54136-3","article-title":"Structure-Activity of Deleted and Substituted Systemin, an 18-Amino Acid Polypeptide Inducer of Plant Defensive Genes","volume":"268","author":"Pearce","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Torrance, L., and Talianksy, M.E. (2020). Potato Virus Y Emergence and Evolution from the Andes of South America to Become a Major Destructive Pathogen of Potato and Other Solanaceous Crops Worldwide. Viruses, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/v12121430"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1744-7348.1990.tb06594.x","article-title":"Resistance to Potato Virus Y and Potato Virus X in Solanurn brevidens","volume":"116","author":"Gibson","year":"1990","journal-title":"Ann. Appl. Biol."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Makarova, S., Makhotenko, A., Spechenkova, N., Love, A.J., Kalinina, N.O., and Taliansky, M. (2018). Interactive Responses of Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Plants to Heat Stress and Infection with Potato Virus Y. Front. Microbiol., 9.","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2018.02582"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Samarskaya, V.O., Ryabov, E.V., Gryzunov, N., Spechenkova, N., Kuznetsova, M., Ilina, I., Suprunova, T., Taliansky, M.E., Ivanov, P.A., and Kalinina, N.O. (2023). The Temporal and Geographical Dynamics of Potato Virus Y Diversity in Russia. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 24.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms241914833"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1038\/s41477-020-0689-0","article-title":"Enhancing Potato Resistance against Root-Knot Nematodes Using a Plant-Defence Elicitor Delivered by Bacteria","volume":"6","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Plants"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2055","DOI":"10.1094\/PHYTO-01-24-0019-R","article-title":"Phytocytokine StPep1-Secreting Bacteria Suppress Potato Powdery Scab Disease","volume":"114","author":"Moroz","year":"2024","journal-title":"Phytopathology\u00ae"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Skripnikov, A., Suprunova, T., Kalinina, N.O., and Taliansky, M. (2025). Potato Elicitor Peptide StPep1 Enhances Resistance to Phytophthora infestans in Solanum tuberosum. J. Fungi, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/jof11120893"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2060","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molp.2025.10.017","article-title":"Antagonistic Regulation of Systemin Signaling Acts on Ligands and Receptors","volume":"18","author":"Xu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Mol. Plant"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112738","DOI":"10.1016\/j.postharvbio.2023.112738","article-title":"The Phytocytokine Systemin Enhances Postharvest Tomato Fruit Resistance to Botrytis cinerea","volume":"210","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Postharvest Biol. Technol."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104865","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envexpbot.2022.104865","article-title":"Systemin Peptide Application Improves Tomato Salt Stress Tolerance and Reveals Common Adaptation Mechanisms to Biotic and Abiotic Stress in Plants","volume":"199","author":"Cirillo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ. Exp. Bot."}],"container-title":["Biomolecules"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2218-273X\/16\/9\/1353\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T08:47:12Z","timestamp":1789634832000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2218-273X\/16\/9\/1353"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]}},"alternative-id":["biom16091353"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/biom16091353","relation":{},"ISSN":["2218-273X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2218-273X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]]}}}