{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]],"date-time":"2026-05-19T23:29:41Z","timestamp":1779233381286,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,30]],"date-time":"2018-10-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1540857600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UID\/BIO\/04469\/2013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UID\/BIO\/04469\/2013"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biomolecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Candida glabrata biofilms are recognized to have high resistance to antifungals. In order to understand the effect of mannans in the resistance profile of C. glabrata mature biofilms, C. glabrata \u0394mnn2 was evaluated. Biofilm cell walls were analysed by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and their susceptibility was assessed for fluconazole, amphotericin B, caspofungin, and micafungin. Crystal violet and Alcian Blue methods were performed to quantify the biomass and the mannans concentration in the biofilm cells and matrices, respectively. The concentration of \u03b2-1,3 glucans was also measured. No visible differences were detected among cell walls of the strains, but the mutant had a high biomass reduction, after a drug stress. When compared with the reference strain, it was detected a decrease in the susceptibility of the biofilm cells and an increase of \u03b2-1,3 glucans in the C. glabrata \u0394mnn2. The deletion of the MNN2 gene in C. glabrata induces biofilm matrix and cell wall variabilities that increase the resistance to the antifungal drug treatments. The rise of \u03b2-1,3 glucans appears to have a role in this effect.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biom8040130","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,31]],"date-time":"2018-10-31T03:50:56Z","timestamp":1540957856000},"page":"130","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["The MNN2 Gene Knockout Modulates the Antifungal Resistance of Biofilms of Candida glabrata"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8633-2230","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C\u00e9lia F.","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CEB, Centre of Biological Engineering, LIBRO\u2014Laborat\u00f3rio de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o em Biofilmes Ros\u00e1rio Oliveira, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Diana","family":"Vilas Boas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CEB, Centre of Biological Engineering, LIBRO\u2014Laborat\u00f3rio de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o em Biofilmes Ros\u00e1rio Oliveira, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ken","family":"Haynes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QD, Devon, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0317-4877","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mariana","family":"Henriques","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CEB, Centre of Biological Engineering, LIBRO\u2014Laborat\u00f3rio de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o em Biofilmes Ros\u00e1rio Oliveira, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rodrigues, C.F., Rodrigues, M., Silva, S., and Henriques, M. 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