{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T04:47:33Z","timestamp":1790052453579,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,17]],"date-time":"2019-04-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1555459200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"International S&amp;T Cooperation Program of China","award":["2016YFE0121900"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016YFE0121900"]}]},{"name":"the Educational and Scientific Research Project for Young Scholars in Fujian Province","award":["JAT170136"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JAT170136"]}]},{"name":"scientific research innovation team construction program of Fujian Normal University","award":["IRTL1702"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IRTL1702"]}]},{"name":"United\u00a0Fujian\u00a0Provincial\u00a0Health\u00a0and\u00a0Education\u00a0Project\u00a0for Tackling the Key Research","award":["WKJ2016-2-27"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["WKJ2016-2-27"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010651","name":"Fujian normal university","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FZSKG2018008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FZSKG2018008"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010651","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biomolecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Death Associated Protein Kinase 1 (DAPK1) is an important signaling kinase mediating the biological effect of multiple natural biomolecules such as IFN-\u03b3, TNF-\u03b1, curcumin, etc. DAPK1 is degraded through both ubiquitin-proteasomal and lysosomal degradation pathways. To investigate the crosstalk between these two DAPK1 degradation pathways, we carried out a screen using a set of ubiquitin E2 siRNAs at the presence of Tuberous Sclerous 2 (TSC2) and identified that the small ubiquitin-like molecule (SUMO) pathway is able to regulate the protein levels of DAPK1. Inhibition of the SUMO pathway enhanced DAPK1 protein levels and the minimum domain of DAPK1 protein required for this regulation is the kinase domain, suggesting that the SUMO pathway regulates DAPK1 protein levels independent of TSC2. Suppression of the SUMO pathway did not enhance DAPK1 protein stability. In addition, mutation of the potential SUMO conjugation sites on DAPK1 kinase domain did not alter its protein stability or response to SUMO pathway inhibition. These data suggested that the SUMO pathway does not regulate DAPK1 protein degradation. The exact molecular mechanism underlying this regulation is yet to be discovered.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biom9040151","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,17]],"date-time":"2019-04-17T07:58:09Z","timestamp":1555487889000},"page":"151","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Regulation of the Expression of DAPK1 by SUMO Pathway"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Qingshui","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Provincial University Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Response and Metabolic Regulation, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiuli","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Provincial University Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Response and Metabolic Regulation, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ling","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Provincial University Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Response and Metabolic Regulation, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuyun","family":"Weng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Provincial University Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Response and Metabolic Regulation, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yun","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Provincial University Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Response and Metabolic Regulation, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, 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China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0372-6299","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Craig","family":"Stevens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Applied Sciences, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh EH11 4BN, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ted","family":"Hupp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Cell Signaling Unit, CRUK p53 Transduction Group, University of Edinburgh, EH4 2XR EH4 2XR, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0493-0155","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yao","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Provincial University Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Response and Metabolic Regulation, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1007\/s10495-013-0926-3","article-title":"The DAP-kinase interactome","volume":"19","author":"Bialik","year":"2014","journal-title":"Apoptosis"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2013.03.063","article-title":"DAPK1 modulates a curcumin-induced G2\/M arrest and apoptosis by regulating STAT3, NF-\u03baB, and caspase-3 activation","volume":"434","author":"Wu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biochem. 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Cancer"}],"container-title":["Biomolecules"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2218-273X\/9\/4\/151\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T12:46:08Z","timestamp":1760186768000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2218-273X\/9\/4\/151"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,17]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,4]]}},"alternative-id":["biom9040151"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/biom9040151","relation":{},"ISSN":["2218-273X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2218-273X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,17]]}}}