{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T12:09:15Z","timestamp":1788178155100,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,1]],"date-time":"2022-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656633600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007832","name":"Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CTU105-P-23"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CTU105-P-23"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007832","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Taichung Veterans General Hospital","award":["CTU105-P-23"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CTU105-P-23"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biomedicines"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) severity, obesity, sex difference, and attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) had a complex impact on health-related quality of life (HRQoL). However, the interactive effects among these features on HRQoL remained to be clarified. This study aimed to investigate the individual and interactive associations between the four characteristics of interest and HRQoL as determined by 36-Item Short Form Health Survey, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS). This non-interventional, prospective, observational study enrolled a total of 132 patients with suspected OSAS for analysis. While OSAS severity and ADHD detected by adult ADHD Self-Report Scale, termed as screened ADHD, interact with each other, all the four studied features were individually associated with HRQoL. After adjusting for potential physiological and polysomnographic confounders, screened ADHD was independently correlated with PSQI &gt; 5 (OR = 4.126, 95% CI, 1.490\u201311.424), mental component score &lt; 50 (OR = 5.873, 95% CI, 2.262\u201315.251) and ESS &gt; 10 (OR = 3.648, 95% CI, 1.738\u20137.657). Our results show that ADHD detection is necessary and should be incorporated into clinical practice for OSAS management.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines10071576","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,2]],"date-time":"2022-07-02T11:12:35Z","timestamp":1656760355000},"page":"1576","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Interactions between Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome Severity, Obesity, Sex Difference and Attention-Deficit\/Hyperactivity Disorder on Health-Related Quality of Life: A Non-Interventional Prospective Observational Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Yu-Hsuan","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung 406, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7751-4996","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ming-Feng","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung 406, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Chest Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 407, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6007-9361","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chih-Yu","family":"Wen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shih-Pei","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung 406, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ching-Yi","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Chest Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 407, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi-Chan","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Chest Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 407, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ching-Cheng","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Chest Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 407, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui-Chen","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Chest Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 407, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9733-5899","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wei-Chang","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Chest Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 407, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan"},{"name":"Ph.D. Program in Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan"},{"name":"School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Medical Technology, Jen-Teh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Miaoli 350, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kai-Ming","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Chest Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 407, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.5964\/ejop.v9i1.337","article-title":"Quality of Life: Definition and Measurement","volume":"9","author":"Theofilou","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur. 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