{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]],"date-time":"2026-04-07T18:51:40Z","timestamp":1775587900588,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,11]],"date-time":"2023-01-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1673395200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"AOSR Teams","award":["288\/20.02.2022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["288\/20.02.2022"]}]},{"name":"AOSR Teams","award":["224\/2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["224\/2021"]}]},{"name":"AOSR Teams","award":["C1.2.PFE-CDI.2021-587"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["C1.2.PFE-CDI.2021-587"]}]},{"name":"AOSR Teams","award":["CNFIS-FDI-2022-0675"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CNFIS-FDI-2022-0675"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006595","name":"UEFISCDI","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["288\/20.02.2022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["288\/20.02.2022"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006595","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006595","name":"UEFISCDI","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["224\/2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["224\/2021"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006595","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006595","name":"UEFISCDI","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["C1.2.PFE-CDI.2021-587"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["C1.2.PFE-CDI.2021-587"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006595","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006595","name":"UEFISCDI","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CNFIS-FDI-2022-0675"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CNFIS-FDI-2022-0675"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006595","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biomedicines"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The severe acute respiratory syndrome\u2013related coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has advanced our understanding of the host\u2013microbiome\u2013virus interplay. Several studies in various geographical regions report that SARS-CoV-2 infection disrupts the intestinal microbiota, allowing pathogenic bacteria such as Enterobacteriaceae to thrive, and triggering more severe disease outcomes. Here, we profile the microbiota of 30 individuals, 15 healthy controls and 15 type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients, before and after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Despite similar viral loads in both patients and controls, SARS-CoV-2 infection led to exacerbated microbiome changes in T2D patients, characterized by higher levels of Enterobacteriaceae, loss of butyrate producers and an enrichment in fungi such as Candida spp. and Aspergillus spp. Several members of the microbiota were associated with more severe clinical and inflammatory (IL-8 and IL-17) parameters. Future studies to delineate the connection between cytokine release and microbiota disturbances will enhance our understanding of whether these microbial shifts directly impact the cytokine storm in COVID-19 patients or whether they are consecutive to the critical disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines11010179","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,11]],"date-time":"2023-01-11T02:06:03Z","timestamp":1673402763000},"page":"179","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Impact of COVID-19 on the Microbiome and Inflammatory Status of Type 2 Diabetes Patients"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Gratiela","family":"Gradisteanu Pircalabioru","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute of University of Bucharest (ICUB), 050095 Bucharest, Romania"},{"name":"Academy of Romanian Scientists, 050045 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Georgiana Alexandra","family":"Grigore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Academy of Romanian Scientists, 050045 Bucharest, Romania"},{"name":"Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 050095 Bucharesti, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ilda","family":"Czobor Barbu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Academy of Romanian Scientists, 050045 Bucharest, Romania"},{"name":"Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 050095 Bucharesti, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6098-1857","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mariana-Carmen","family":"Chifiriuc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute of University of Bucharest (ICUB), 050095 Bucharest, Romania"},{"name":"Academy of Romanian Scientists, 050045 Bucharest, Romania"},{"name":"Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 050095 Bucharesti, Romania"},{"name":"Romanian Academy, 010071 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5674-3810","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Octavian","family":"Savu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"\u201cN.C. Paulescu\u201d National Institute of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, 020042 Bucharest, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Doctoral School, \u201cCarol Davila\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 5th District, 050474 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa863","article-title":"COVID-19 in Immunocompromised Hosts: What We Know So Far","volume":"72","author":"Fung","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. 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