{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T17:29:35Z","timestamp":1793208575740,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,5]],"date-time":"2025-11-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762300800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biomimetics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Objectives: This study aimed to compare the 5-year cumulative survival rates and clinical outcomes of zirconia and lithium disilicate restorations in both tooth- and implant-supported prostheses, focusing on survival, technical and biological complications, as well as patient-reported satisfaction. Materials and Methods: A retrospective cohort of 200 patients treated with either zirconia (n = 100) or lithium disilicate (n = 100) fixed restorations between 2020 and 2024 was analyzed. Only cases with a minimum follow-up of 5 years were included. Clinical parameters (fracture, chipping, retention loss, secondary caries, peri-implant complications), radiographic outcomes (marginal bone loss, periapical stability), and patient satisfaction (VAS scores for esthetics and function) were evaluated. Kaplan\u2013Meier survival analysis and subgroup analyses (anterior\/posterior, tooth-\/implant-supported) were performed. Results: At 5 years, the cumulative survival rate was 94.0% for zirconia and 89.0% for lithium disilicate (p = 0.210). Technical complications were lower with zirconia (14.0% vs. 21.0%, p = 0.182), including fewer fractures (6.0% vs. 12.0%, p = 0.126). Chipping (5.0% vs. 7.0%) and debonding (3.0% vs. 2.0%) showed no significant differences. Biological outcomes were comparable: secondary caries (7.0% vs. 11.0%, p = 0.332), endodontic issues (4.0% vs. 6.0%, p = 0.516), peri-implant mucositis (9.0% vs. 12.0%, p = 0.495) and peri-implantitis (3.0% vs. 5.0%, p = 0.470). Radiographically, periapical stability was preserved in most cases (93.0% vs. 89.0%, p = 0.317), and the mean marginal bone loss was slightly lower with zirconia (0.46 \u00b1 0.25 mm vs. 0.53 \u00b1 0.30 mm, p = 0.148). Patient-reported outcomes were favorable in both groups, with esthetic VAS scores of 8.6 vs. 8.2 (p = 0.072) and functional scores of 8.4 vs. 8.0 (p = 0.085). Zirconia was rated higher in posterior\/implant-supported cases, while lithium disilicate was preferred in anterior restorations. Conclusions: Both zirconia and lithium disilicate restorations demonstrated favorable long-term outcomes, with zirconia trending toward superior mechanical reliability in posterior and implant-supported restorations, and lithium disilicate excelling in esthetic performance, particularly in anterior regions. Material selection should be guided by clinical indication, occlusal load distribution, and esthetic requirements.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biomimetics10110740","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,5]],"date-time":"2025-11-05T17:06:06Z","timestamp":1762362366000},"page":"740","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Comparison of Long-Term Clinical Outcomes of Zirconia and Lithium Disilicate Prostheses: A Retrospective Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4242-7681","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Basak","family":"Topdagi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Hamidiye Campus, University of Health Sciences, 34668 Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammed","family":"Kurum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Bingol University, 12000 Bing\u00f6l, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ceren Cakar","family":"Guler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Bingol University, 12000 Bing\u00f6l, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3742-9778","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammad","family":"Abo Haoran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Ataturk University, 25100 Erzurum, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ille, C.E., Jivanescu, A., Pop, D., Stoica, E.T., Flueras, R., Talpos-Niculescu, I.C., Cosoroaba, R.M., Popovici, R.A., and Olariu, I. 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