{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,6]],"date-time":"2026-04-06T21:12:53Z","timestamp":1775509973938,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Nature Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["52275284"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52275284"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Nature Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["W2521055"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["W2521055"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100022955","name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Provincial Universities of Zhejiang","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["GK259909299001-008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GK259909299001-008"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100022955","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Open Project Program of Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing, Ministry of Education, Changchun University of Science and Technology","award":["CMNM-KF202406"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CMNM-KF202406"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biomimetics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>To improve the impact resistance of composite materials, this study adopted the structures in the impact region of mantis shrimp appendages as a bionic prototype, designing a composite structure with a rigid outer layer and flexible sinusoidal inner layer. Meanwhile, bionic arrangement was conducted on the fibers in three directions (X-Y, X-Z, and Y-Z planes) within the flexible layer to regulate the crack propagation path during the impact process. Finite Element Method and low-velocity impact tests were carried out to verify the structural effectiveness, analyze the energy absorption mechanism, and investigate the failure modes. Relative to the basic rigid-flexible structure, the brick-and-mortar (Y-Z) and vertical-horizontal alternating fiber (X-Y) models show a 94% and 109% improvement in kinetic energy absorption efficiency, respectively. Additionally, the catastrophic damage in the impact center area caused by crack concentration is significantly reduced. This study confirms that the bionic 3D arrangement of fibers can realize interlayer connection, optimize crack distribution, and enhance energy dissipation, thereby improving the impact resistance of composite materials.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biomimetics11030162","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,2]],"date-time":"2026-03-02T08:51:57Z","timestamp":1772441517000},"page":"162","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The Fracture Mechanism of Impact-Resistant Bionic 3D Model Structures Inspired by Composite Structure of Mantis Shrimp Appendage"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Xiao","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Miaoyu","family":"Meng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xingyu","family":"Meng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aolong","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7590-7991","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chun","family":"Shao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yonghua","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-7204-7165","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hao","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2831","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matt.2021.07.012","article-title":"Impact-resistant materials inspired by the mantis shrimp\u2019s dactyl club","volume":"4","author":"Behera","year":"2021","journal-title":"Matter"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107496","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2019.107496","article-title":"A review of recent research on bio-inspired structures and materials for energy absorption applications","volume":"181","author":"Ha","year":"2020","journal-title":"Compos. 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