{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T15:07:45Z","timestamp":1785424065188,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,25]],"date-time":"2026-05-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779667200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005311","name":"China Southern Power Grid","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["032000KC23110038 (GDKJXM20231238)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["032000KC23110038 (GDKJXM20231238)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005311","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"award":["032000KC23110038 (GDKJXM20231238)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["032000KC23110038 (GDKJXM20231238)"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03hkh9419","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biomimetics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>To improve operational safety in confined spaces, this study proposes an intelligent safety monitoring framework that utilizes multimodal data from wearable devices. The framework comprises two core components: a human activity recognition (HAR) module and a bio-inspired adaptive multimodal decision fusion (BA-MDF) module. The HAR module processes accelerometer and gyroscope data through an enhanced FFT\u2013LSTM architecture that integrates time- and frequency-domain features for real-time activity classification. The BA-MDF module, inspired by biological multisensory integration mechanisms\u2014particularly the inverse effectiveness principle observed in the superior colliculus\u2014evaluates contextual risk by adaptively fusing HAR outputs, heart rate variability, and geospatial constraints without additional computational overhead. Experimental testing demonstrated 92.4% overall HAR accuracy and 94.3% identification accuracy for emergency scenarios under a simulated sensor degradation environment. These results validate the framework\u2019s effectiveness in mitigating risks from anomalous events in visually constrained environments.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biomimetics11060367","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,26]],"date-time":"2026-05-26T08:16:08Z","timestamp":1779783368000},"page":"367","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Bio-Inspired Adaptive Multimodal Decision Fusion for Intelligent Safety Monitoring in Confined Spaces"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Xinhai","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Zhongshan Power Supply Bureau, Guangdong Power Grid Co., Ltd., Zhongshan 528400, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhibin","family":"Lian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Zhongshan Power Supply Bureau, Guangdong Power Grid Co., Ltd., Zhongshan 528400, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heng","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Zhongshan Power Supply Bureau, Guangdong Power Grid Co., Ltd., Zhongshan 528400, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-0870-4502","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qiang","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.18517\/ijaseit.15.1.20946","article-title":"Establishment of a Real-Time Risk Assessment and Preventive Safety Management System in Industrial Environments Utilizing Multimodal Data and Advanced Deep Reinforcement Learning Techniques","volume":"15","author":"Sim","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. 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