{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T02:31:08Z","timestamp":1792204268679,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,21]],"date-time":"2023-02-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1676937600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"internal funds"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biomimetics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Treatments for osteochondral defects (OCDs) are mainly palliative and, with the increase in this pathology seen among both young and elderly people, an alternative treatment modality is sought. Many tissue-engineered strategies have been explored for regenerating the cartilage\u2013bone interface; however, they generally fall short of being ideal. Although cell-laden hydrogel scaffolds are a common approach for bone and cartilage tissue regeneration, they usually lack homogenous cell dispersion and patient specificity. In this study, a biphasic 3D bioprinted composite scaffold was fabricated for cartilage\u2013bone interface regeneration. To overcome the shortcoming of both materials, alginate\u2013gelatin (A\u2013G) hydrogel was used to confer a naturally occurring environment for the cells and polycaprolactone (PCL) was used to enhance mechanical stability, thus maximizing the overall performance. Hydroxyapatite fillers were added to the PCL in the bone phase of the scaffold to improve its bioactivity. Physical and biological evaluation of scaffolds in both phases was assessed. The scaffolds demonstrated a desirable biological response both singly and in the combined PCL\/A-G scaffolds, in both the short term and longer term, showing promise as an interfacial material between cartilage and bone.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biomimetics8010087","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,21]],"date-time":"2023-02-21T03:04:12Z","timestamp":1676948652000},"page":"87","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Fabrication of 3D Bioprinted Bi-Phasic Scaffold for Bone\u2013Cartilage Interface Regeneration"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8241-6648","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hongyi","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, London WC1E 7JE, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Gonnella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences King\u2019s College London, London SE1 1UL, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7951-2217","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jie","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, London WC1E 7JE, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucy","family":"Di-Silvio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences King\u2019s College London, London SE1 1UL, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1177\/1941738109350438","article-title":"The basic science of articular cartilage: Structure, composition, and function","volume":"1","author":"Bedi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Sport. 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