{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,28]],"date-time":"2025-11-28T17:27:46Z","timestamp":1764350866058,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,23]],"date-time":"2023-08-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1692748800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Nature Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61461054","61461053","61072079","2022Y008","KC-22222706"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61461054","61461053","61072079","2022Y008","KC-22222706"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Yunnan Provincial Education Department Scientific Research Fund Project","award":["61461054","61461053","61072079","2022Y008","KC-22222706"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61461054","61461053","61072079","2022Y008","KC-22222706"]}]},{"name":"Yunnan University\u2019s Research Innovation Fund for Graduate Students","award":["61461054","61461053","61072079","2022Y008","KC-22222706"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61461054","61461053","61072079","2022Y008","KC-22222706"]}]},{"name":"Ding Hongwei Expert Grassroots Research Station of Youbei Technology Co., Yunnan Province","award":["61461054","61461053","61072079","2022Y008","KC-22222706"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61461054","61461053","61072079","2022Y008","KC-22222706"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biomimetics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The equilibrium optimizer (EO) is a recently developed physics-based optimization technique for complex optimization problems. Although the algorithm shows excellent exploitation capability, it still has some drawbacks, such as the tendency to fall into local optima and poor population diversity. To address these shortcomings, an enhanced EO algorithm is proposed in this paper. First, a spiral search mechanism is introduced to guide the particles to more promising search regions. Then, a new inertia weight factor is employed to mitigate the oscillation phenomena of particles. To evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm, it has been tested on the CEC2017 test suite and the mobile robot path planning (MRPP) problem and compared with some advanced metaheuristic techniques. The experimental results demonstrate that our improved EO algorithm outperforms the comparison methods in solving both numerical optimization problems and practical problems. Overall, the developed EO variant has good robustness and stability and can be considered as a promising optimization tool.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biomimetics8050383","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,23]],"date-time":"2023-08-23T10:29:29Z","timestamp":1692786569000},"page":"383","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Adaptive Guided Equilibrium Optimizer with Spiral Search Mechanism to Solve Global Optimization Problems"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Hongwei","family":"Ding","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Information Science and Engineering, Yunnan University, Kunming 650106, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuting","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Information Science and Engineering, Yunnan University, Kunming 650106, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9945-3840","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zongshan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Information Science and Engineering, Yunnan University, Kunming 650106, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gushen","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Glasgow College, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peng","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research and Development Department, Youbei Technology Co., Ltd., Kunming 650011, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gaurav","family":"Dhiman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Lebanese American University, Byblos P.O. 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