{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T00:44:23Z","timestamp":1785890663122,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,25]],"date-time":"2024-02-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1708819200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"regional agreement on medical training and clinical research (ALF) between Uppsala County Council and Uppsala University","award":["955335"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["955335"]}]},{"name":"regional agreement on medical training and clinical research (ALF) between Uppsala County Council and Uppsala University","award":["Dnr 2009-1035"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Dnr 2009-1035"]}]},{"name":"regional agreement on medical training and clinical research (ALF) between Uppsala County Council and Uppsala University","award":["Dnr 2020-04025"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Dnr 2020-04025"]}]},{"name":"Promobilia","award":["955335"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["955335"]}]},{"name":"Promobilia","award":["Dnr 2009-1035"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Dnr 2009-1035"]}]},{"name":"Promobilia","award":["Dnr 2020-04025"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Dnr 2020-04025"]}]},{"name":"European Union\u2019s Horizon 2020 Marie Sklodowska-Curie H2020-MSCA-ITN-ETN-2020","award":["955335"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["955335"]}]},{"name":"European Union\u2019s Horizon 2020 Marie Sklodowska-Curie H2020-MSCA-ITN-ETN-2020","award":["Dnr 2009-1035"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Dnr 2009-1035"]}]},{"name":"European Union\u2019s Horizon 2020 Marie Sklodowska-Curie H2020-MSCA-ITN-ETN-2020","award":["Dnr 2020-04025"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Dnr 2020-04025"]}]},{"name":"Swedish Strategic Research \u2018StemTherapy\u2019","award":["955335"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["955335"]}]},{"name":"Swedish Strategic Research \u2018StemTherapy\u2019","award":["Dnr 2009-1035"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Dnr 2009-1035"]}]},{"name":"Swedish Strategic Research \u2018StemTherapy\u2019","award":["Dnr 2020-04025"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Dnr 2020-04025"]}]},{"name":"Swedish Research Council","award":["955335"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["955335"]}]},{"name":"Swedish Research Council","award":["Dnr 2009-1035"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Dnr 2009-1035"]}]},{"name":"Swedish Research Council","award":["Dnr 2020-04025"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Dnr 2020-04025"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biomimetics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Our aim was to investigate axonal outgrowth from different tissue models on soft biomaterials based on hyaluronic acid (HA). We hypothesized that HA-based hydrogels differentially promote axonal outgrowth from different neural tissues. Spinal cord sliced cultures (SCSCs) and dorsal root ganglion cultures (DRGCs) were maintained on a collagen gel, a physically crosslinked HA-based hydrogel (Healon 5\u00ae) and a novel chemically crosslinked HA-based hydrogel, with or without the presence of neurotrophic factors (NF). Time-lapse microscopy was performed after two, five and eight days, where axonal outgrowth was assessed by automated image analysis. Neuroprotection was investigated by PCR. Outgrowth was observed in all groups; however, in the collagen group, it was scarce. At the middle timepoint, outgrowth from SCSCs was superior in both HA-based groups compared to collagen, regardless of the presence of NF. In DRGCs, the outgrowth in Healon 5\u00ae with NF was significantly higher compared to the rest of the groups. PCR revealed upregulation of NeuN gene expression in the HA-based groups compared to controls after excitotoxic injury. The differences in neurite outgrowth from the two different tissue models suggest that axons differentially respond to the two types of biomaterials.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biomimetics9030140","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,26]],"date-time":"2024-02-26T03:34:04Z","timestamp":1708918444000},"page":"140","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Physically and Chemically Crosslinked Hyaluronic Acid-Based Hydrogels Differentially Promote Axonal Outgrowth from Neural Tissue Cultures"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Andrej","family":"Bajic","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical Sciences, Section of Orthopedics, The OrthoLab, Uppsala University, 75185 Uppsala, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brittmarie","family":"Andersson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical Sciences, Section of Orthopedics, The OrthoLab, Uppsala University, 75185 Uppsala, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Ossinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical Sciences, Section of Orthopedics, The OrthoLab, Uppsala University, 75185 Uppsala, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shima","family":"Tavakoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Chemical Biology Laboratory, Division of Macromolecular Chemistry, Department of Chemistry-\u00c5ngstrom Laboratory, Uppsala University, 75237 Uppsala, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8872-9928","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oommen P.","family":"Varghese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Chemical Biology Laboratory, Division of Macromolecular Chemistry, Department of Chemistry-\u00c5ngstrom Laboratory, Uppsala University, 75237 Uppsala, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-8880-8463","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nikos","family":"Schizas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical Sciences, Section of Orthopedics, The OrthoLab, Uppsala University, 75185 Uppsala, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"tkac054","DOI":"10.1093\/burnst\/tkac054","article-title":"Role of inflammation in neurological damage and regeneration following spinal cord injury and its therapeutic implications","volume":"11","author":"Jin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Burns Trauma"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1180825","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2023.1180825","article-title":"Tackling the glial scar in spinal cord regeneration: New discoveries and future directions","volume":"17","author":"Shafqat","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. 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