{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T02:51:38Z","timestamp":1785379898703,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,8]],"date-time":"2022-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1665187200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biosensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Herein, we present a comprehensive investigation of rationally designed zinc selenide (ZnSe) nanostructures to achieve highly negatively charged ZnSe nanostructures. A Microwave-assisted hydrothermal synthesis method was used to synthesize three types of ZnSe nanostructures, i.e., nanorods, \u00b5-spheres and nanoclusters, as characterized by a zeta potential analyzer, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman spectroscopy and BET, which were labeled as type A, B and C. Three different solvents were used for the synthesis of type A, B and C ZnSe nanostructures, keeping other synthesis conditions such as temperature, pressure and precursors ratio constant. Based on two heating time intervals, 6 and 9 h, types A, B and C were further divided into types A6, A9, B6, B9, C6 and C9. ZnSe nanostructures were further evaluated based on their fluorescent quenching efficiency. The maximum fluorescence quenching effect was exhibited by the ZnSe-B6 type, which can be attributed to its highly negative surface charge that favored its strong interaction with cationic dye Rhodamine B (Rh-B). Further, the optimized ZnSe-B6 was used to fabricate an aptasensor for the detection of a food-based toxin, ochratoxin-A (OTA). The developed aptasensor exhibited a limit of detection of 0.07 ng\/L with a wide linear range of 0.1 to 200 ng\/L.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/bios12100844","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,8]],"date-time":"2022-10-08T20:43:21Z","timestamp":1665261801000},"page":"844","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Multifunctional Smart ZnSe-Nanostructure-Based Fluorescent Aptasensor for the Detection of Ochratoxin A"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6584-6830","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhammad Azhar Hayat","family":"Nawaz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China"},{"name":"University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China"},{"name":"Interdisciplinary Research Centre in Biomedical Materials (IRCBM), COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore 54000, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Waseem","family":"Fazal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interdisciplinary Research Centre in Biomedical Materials (IRCBM), COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore 54000, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naeem","family":"Akhtar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Chemical Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University (BZU), Multan 60800, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mian Hasnain","family":"Nawaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interdisciplinary Research Centre in Biomedical Materials (IRCBM), COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore 54000, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3123-581X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Akhtar","family":"Hayat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interdisciplinary Research Centre in Biomedical Materials (IRCBM), COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore 54000, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cong","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China"},{"name":"University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101695","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fbio.2022.101695","article-title":"Recent trends and technical advancements in biosensors and their emerging applications in food and bioscience","volume":"47","author":"Bankole","year":"2022","journal-title":"Food Biosci."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biotechadv.2008.05.007","article-title":"Biosensor technology: Technology push versus market pull","volume":"26","author":"Luong","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biotechnol. 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