{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T09:37:36Z","timestamp":1789033056619,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,21]],"date-time":"2022-10-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1666310400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biosensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The early detection of Parkinson\u2019s disease (PD) is a critical issue in terms of efficiency. Alpha-synuclein (\u03b1-Syn) is a biomarker in PD checks. Alpha-synuclein (\u03b1-syn) is the major constituent of Lewy bodies and a pathogenic hallmark of all synucleinopathies, including PDs, dementia with Lewy bodies, and multiple system atrophy. In this study, KCC-1-NH-CS2 was conjugated with biotinylated Ab and entrapped in P(\u03b2-CD) polymer cavities. Using this approach, a novel electrochemical label-free immunosensor was designed for the quantification of \u03b1-syn in real human samples. For this purpose, the glassy carbon electrode electropolymerized with P(\u03b2-CD) biopolymer provided an excellent matrix for entrapping of KCC-1-NH-CS2 loaded with the biotinylated antibody of \u03b1-syn. Using the chronoamperometric technique, the proposed immunosensor shows a suitable range of 0.02 to 64 ng\/mL for the determination of \u03b1-syn. Additionally, a low limit of quantification of the engineered biosensor was obtained at 0.02 ng\/mL. The developed immunosensor\u2019s adequate stability, sensitivity, and selectivity, together with its ease of manufacture, make it a promising diagnostic technique for further research. This study also will pave the way for further applications of the synergetic effect of \u03b2-CD and KCC-1-NH-CS2 for biomedical analysis in the near future.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/bios12100911","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,23]],"date-time":"2022-10-23T20:43:50Z","timestamp":1666557830000},"page":"911","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Efficient Entrapment of Alpha-Synuclein Biotinylated Antibody in KCC-1-NH-CS2 and Application for the Sensitive Diagnosis of Parkinson\u2019s Using Recognition of Biomarker: An Innovative Electrochemical Label-Free Immunosensor for the Biomedical Analysis of Neurodegenerative Diseases"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Hossein","family":"Navay Baghban","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources and International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China"},{"name":"Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5165665811, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Hasanzadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5165665811, Iran"},{"name":"Nutrition Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5165665811, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuqian","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources and International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Farzad","family":"Seidi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources and International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-138-8-200304150-00013","article-title":"Update on Parkinson disease","volume":"138","author":"Siderowf","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ann. 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