{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T13:19:30Z","timestamp":1791638370736,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,8]],"date-time":"2022-11-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1667865600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Deanship of Scientific Research at Najran University, Saudi Arabia","award":["NU\/RG\/SERC\/11\/18"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NU\/RG\/SERC\/11\/18"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biosensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In this study, a selective 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) sensor was developed onto a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) as an electron-sensing substrate, which decorated with sol\u2013gel, prepared Pt nanoparticles- (NPs) embedded polypyrole-carbon black (PPy-CB)\/ZnO nanocomposites (NCs) using differential pulse voltammetry. Characterizations of the NCs were performed using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), Energy-Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), Ultraviolet\u2013visible Spectroscopy (UV\u2013vis), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM), and X-ray Diffraction Analysis (XRD). The GCE modified by conducting coating binders [poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate; PEDOT:PSS] based on Pt NPs\/PPy-CB\/ZnO NCs functioned as the working electrode and showed selectivity toward 4-NP in a phosphate buffer medium at pH 7.0. Our analysis of 4-NP showed the linearity from 1.5 to 40.5 \u00b5M, which was identified as the linear detection range (LDR). A current versus concentration plot was formed and showed a regression co-efficient R2 of 0.9917, which can be expressed by ip(\u00b5A) = 0.2493C(\u00b5M) + 15.694. The 4-NP sensor sensitivity was calculated using the slope of the LDR, considering the surface area of the GCE (0.0316 cm2). The sensitivity was calculated as 7.8892 \u00b5A \u00b5M\u22121 cm\u22122. The LOD (limit of detection) of the 4-NP was calculated as 1.25 \u00b1 0.06 \u00b5M, which was calculated from 3xSD\/\u03c3 (SD: Standard deviation of blank response; \u03c3: Slope of the calibration curve). Limit of quantification (LOQ) is also calculated as 3.79 \u00b5M from LOQ = 10xLOD\/3.3. Sensor parameters such as reproducibility, response time, and analyzing stability were outstanding. Therefore, this novel approach can be broadly used to safely fabricate selective 4-NP sensors based on nanoparticle-decorated nanocomposite materials in environmental measurement.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/bios12110990","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,9]],"date-time":"2022-11-09T02:34:52Z","timestamp":1667961292000},"page":"990","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Sensitive Electrochemical Detection of 4-Nitrophenol with PEDOT:PSS Modified Pt NPs-Embedded PPy-CB@ZnO Nanocomposites"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Mohd","family":"Faisal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Promising Centre for Sensors and Electronic Devices (PCSED), Advanced Materials and Nano-Research Centre, Najran University, P.O. Box 1988, Najran 11001, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Arts, Najran University, Najran 11001, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2636-5038","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Md. Mahmud","family":"Alam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research (CEAMR), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5737-1545","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jahir","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Promising Centre for Sensors and Electronic Devices (PCSED), Advanced Materials and Nano-Research Centre, Najran University, P.O. Box 1988, Najran 11001, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7905-3209","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abdullah M.","family":"Asiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research (CEAMR), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6828-3874","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammed","family":"Jalalah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Promising Centre for Sensors and Electronic Devices (PCSED), Advanced Materials and Nano-Research Centre, Najran University, P.O. Box 1988, Najran 11001, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Najran University, Najran 11001, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raja Saad","family":"Alruwais","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science and Humanities, Shaqra University, Dawadmi 17472, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2773-1244","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammed M.","family":"Rahman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research (CEAMR), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7776-7099","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Farid A.","family":"Harraz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Promising Centre for Sensors and Electronic Devices (PCSED), Advanced Materials and Nano-Research Centre, Najran University, P.O. Box 1988, Najran 11001, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Arts at Sharurah, Najran University, Najran 11001, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Serr\u00e0, A., Artal, R., Pozo, M., Garcia-Amor\u00f3s, J., and G\u00f3mez, E. (2020). Simple Environmentally-Friendly Reduction of 4-Nitrophenol. Catalysts, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/catal10040458"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"664","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2008.10.034","article-title":"Catalytic reduction of 4-nitrophenol by magnetically recoverable Au nanocatalyst","volume":"165","author":"Chang","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Hazard. 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