{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]],"date-time":"2026-02-17T02:45:42Z","timestamp":1771296342835,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,11]],"date-time":"2022-11-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1668124800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biosensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Selective spectrofluorometric sensing is introduced for the analysis of non-steroidal anti-androgens, darolutamide, and thalidomide in pharmaceutical preparations and biofluids. An organic fluorophore, 2,4,8,10-tetramethylpyrido[2\u2032,3\u2032:3,4]pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine 2 was synthesized in our laboratories by new simple methods to act as a fluorescent reagent for the analysis of the studied drugs. Elemental and spectral analyses were performed to approve the fluorophore structure. The fluorophore possesses a fluorescence at \u03bbem 422 nm when excited at 328 nm. The interaction between the studied drugs and the fluorophore was found to be quenching. The quenching mechanisms were studied and interpreted through the Stern\u2013Volmer relationship. Moreover, the Stern\u2013Volmer constants were calculated for the quenching interactions of both drugs. The introduced method was validated for the estimation of darolutamide and thalidomide in dosage forms, plasma, and urine, offering good percentage recoveries.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/bios12111005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,14]],"date-time":"2022-11-14T02:26:37Z","timestamp":1668392797000},"page":"1005","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Selective Sensing of Darolutamide and Thalidomide in Pharmaceutical Preparations and in Spiked Biofluids"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0013-1222","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wael","family":"Talaat","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22514, Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abdelbasset A.","family":"Farahat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Master of Pharmaceutical Sciences Program, California Northstate University, Elk Grove, CA 95757, USA"},{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Reda Mohammed","family":"Keshk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Brunton, L.L., and Knollmann, B.C. 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