{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T08:11:34Z","timestamp":1781079094290,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,30]],"date-time":"2022-12-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672358400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004700","name":"Taipei Medical University Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["111TMU-TMUH-01-3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["111TMU-TMUH-01-3"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004700","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004700","name":"Taipei Medical University Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["111TMU-WFH-23"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["111TMU-WFH-23"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004700","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004700","name":"Wan Fang Hospital, Taiwan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["111TMU-TMUH-01-3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["111TMU-TMUH-01-3"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004700","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004700","name":"Wan Fang Hospital, Taiwan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["111TMU-WFH-23"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["111TMU-WFH-23"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004700","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biosensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The early diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction is difficult in patients with nondiagnostic characteristics. Acute myocardial infarction with chest pain is associated with increased mortality. This study developed a portable test kit based on cholesteric liquid crystals (CLCs) for the rapid detection of AMI through eye observation at home. The test kit was established on dimethyloctadecyl[3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl]ammonium chloride-coated substrates covered by a CLC-binding antibody. Cardiac troponin I (cTnI) is a major biomarker of myocardial cellular injury in human blood. The data showed that the concentration of cTnI was related to light transmittance in a positive way. The proposed CLC test kit can be operated with a smartphone; therefore, it has high potential for use as a point-of-care device for home testing. Moreover, the CLC test kit is an effective and innovative device for the rapid testing of acute myocardial infarction-related diseases through eye observation, spectrometer, or even smartphone applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/bios13010060","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,2]],"date-time":"2023-01-02T03:50:32Z","timestamp":1672631432000},"page":"60","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Label-Free, Portable, and Color-Indicating Cholesteric Liquid Crystal Test Kit for Acute Myocardial Infarction by Spectral Analysis and Naked-Eye Observation"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Fu-Lun","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, No.111, Sec. 3, Xinglong Rd., Wenshan Dist., Taipei 11600, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing St., Taipei 11031, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li-Dan","family":"Shang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geography and Planning, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8981-8671","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yen-Chung","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing St., Taipei 11031, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, 252 Wuxing St., Taipei 110, Taiwan"},{"name":"TMU Research Center of Urology and Kidney (TMU-RCUK), Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8864-1501","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bo-Yen","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3312-7318","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yu-Cheng","family":"Hsiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Institute of Biomedical Optomechatronics, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei 11031, Taiwan"},{"name":"International PhD Program for Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan"},{"name":"Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5444","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.94.10.5444","article-title":"Slow skeletal troponin I gene transfer, expression, and myofilament incorporation enhances adult cardiac myocyte contractile function","volume":"94","author":"Westfall","year":"1997","journal-title":"Proc. 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