{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:51:10Z","timestamp":1760147470838,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,4]],"date-time":"2023-02-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675468800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82161138004","EKPG21-14","20-58-55001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82161138004","EKPG21-14","20-58-55001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Emergency Key Program of Guangzhou Laboratory","award":["82161138004","EKPG21-14","20-58-55001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82161138004","EKPG21-14","20-58-55001"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002261","name":"Beijing Nova Program 2020 and Beijing Lab Foundation and Russian Foundation for Basic Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82161138004","EKPG21-14","20-58-55001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82161138004","EKPG21-14","20-58-55001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002261","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biosensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Respiratory tract infections such as the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has seriously threatened public health in the last decades. The experience of fighting against the epidemic highlights the importance of user-friendly and accessible point-of-care systems for nucleic acid (NA) detection. To realize low-cost and multiplexed point-of-care NA detection, a swing-assisted multiplexed analyzer for point-of-care respiratory tract infection testing (SMART) was proposed to detect multiple respiratory tract pathogens using visible loop-mediated isothermal amplification. By performing hand-swing movements to generate acceleration force to distribute samples into reaction chambers, the design of the SMART system was greatly simplified. By using different format of chips and integrating into a suitcase, this system can be applied to on-site multitarget and multi-sample testing. Three targets including the N and Orf genes of SARS-CoV-2 and the internal control were simultaneously analyzed (limit of detection: 2000 copies\/mL for raw sample; 200 copies\/mL for extracted sample). Twenty-three clinical samples with eight types of respiratory bacteria and twelve COVID-19 clinical samples were successfully detected. These results indicate that the SMART system has the potential to be further developed as a versatile tool in the diagnosis of respiratory tract infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/bios13020228","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,6]],"date-time":"2023-02-06T02:29:23Z","timestamp":1675650563000},"page":"228","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["SMART: A Swing-Assisted Multiplexed Analyzer for Point-of-Care Respiratory Tract Infection Testing"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Li","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dongchen","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CapitalBiotech Technology, Beijing 101111, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chunyan","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CapitalBiotech Technology, Beijing 101111, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiajia","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China"},{"name":"National Engineering Research Center for Beijing Biochip Technology, Beijing 102200, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4993-0685","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dmitriy V.","family":"Sotnikov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"A.N. Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 33, 119071 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Youchun","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China"},{"name":"National Engineering Research Center for Beijing Biochip Technology, Beijing 102200, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China"},{"name":"National Engineering Research Center for Beijing Biochip Technology, Beijing 102200, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"WHO (2022, December 26). 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