{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T21:11:02Z","timestamp":1791321062726,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":137,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,5]],"date-time":"2023-06-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1685923200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Lithuania-Latvian-China (Taiwan) project","award":["110-2923-E-002-004-MY3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["110-2923-E-002-004-MY3"]}]},{"name":"Research Council of Lithuania (LMTLT)","award":["110-2923-E-002-004-MY3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["110-2923-E-002-004-MY3"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biosensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The appearance of biological molecules, so-called biomarkers in body fluids at abnormal concentrations, is considered a good tool for detecting disease. Biomarkers are usually looked for in the most common body fluids, such as blood, nasopharyngeal fluids, urine, tears, sweat, etc. Even with significant advances in diagnostic technology, many patients with suspected infections receive empiric antimicrobial therapy rather than appropriate treatment, which is driven by rapid identification of the infectious agent, leading to increased antimicrobial resistance. To positively impact healthcare, new tests are needed that are pathogen-specific, easy to use, and produce results quickly. Molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP)-based biosensors can achieve these general goals and have enormous potential for disease detection. This article aimed to overview recent articles dedicated to electrochemical sensors modified with MIP to detect protein-based biomarkers of certain infectious diseases in human beings, particularly the biomarkers of infectious diseases, such as HIV-1, COVID-19, Dengue virus, and others. Some biomarkers, such as C-reactive protein (CRP) found in blood tests, are not specific for a particular disease but are used to identify any inflammation process in the body and are also under consideration in this review. Other biomarkers are specific to a particular disease, e.g., SARS-CoV-2-S spike glycoprotein. This article analyzes the development of electrochemical sensors using molecular imprinting technology and the used materials\u2019 influence. The research methods, the application of different electrodes, the influence of the polymers, and the established detection limits are reviewed and compared.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/bios13060620","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,5]],"date-time":"2023-06-05T02:57:47Z","timestamp":1685933867000},"page":"620","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":76,"title":["Molecularly Imprinted Polymer-Based Electrochemical Sensors for the Diagnosis of Infectious Diseases"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1895-0130","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Greta","family":"Pilvenyte","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nanotechnology, State Research Institute Center for Physical Sciences and Technology (FTMC), Saul\u0117tekio Av. 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania"},{"name":"Department of Physical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University (VU), Naugarduko Str. 24, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9931-4397","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vilma","family":"Ratautaite","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nanotechnology, State Research Institute Center for Physical Sciences and Technology (FTMC), Saul\u0117tekio Av. 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania"},{"name":"Department of Physical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University (VU), Naugarduko Str. 24, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5178-5907","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raimonda","family":"Boguzaite","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nanotechnology, State Research Institute Center for Physical Sciences and Technology (FTMC), Saul\u0117tekio Av. 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania"},{"name":"Department of Physical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University (VU), Naugarduko Str. 24, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simonas","family":"Ramanavicius","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrochemical Material Science, State Research Institute Center for Physical Sciences and Technology (FTMC), Saul\u0117tekio Av. 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chien-Fu","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Applied Mechanics, National Taiwan University, Taipei City 106, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roman","family":"Viter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Atomic Physics and Spectroscopy, University of Latvia, 19 Raina Blvd., LV-1586 Riga, Latvia"},{"name":"Center for Collective Use of Scientific Equipment, Sumy State University, 31, Sanatornaya st., 40018 Sumy, Ukraine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0885-3556","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arunas","family":"Ramanavicius","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nanotechnology, State Research Institute Center for Physical Sciences and Technology (FTMC), Saul\u0117tekio Av. 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania"},{"name":"Department of Physical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University (VU), Naugarduko Str. 24, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1002\/tcr.201700101","article-title":"Recent progress in the development of conducting polymer-based nanocomposites for electrochemical biosensors applications: A mini-review","volume":"18","author":"Naseri","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chem. 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