{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T16:30:03Z","timestamp":1789230603257,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,19]],"date-time":"2023-06-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1687132800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"BAM\u2019s MI-1 program","award":["Ideen 2015 55 to A.R."],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Ideen 2015 55 to A.R."]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biosensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>BPA is a chemical commonly used in the production of polymer-based materials that can have detrimental effects on the thyroid gland and impact human reproductive health. Various expensive methods, such as liquid and gas chromatography, have been suggested for detecting BPA. The fluorescence polarization immunoassay (FPIA) is an inexpensive and efficient homogeneous mix-and-read method that allows for high-throughput screening. FPIA offers high specificity and sensitivity and can be carried out in a single phase within a timeframe of 20\u201330 min. In this study, new tracer molecules were designed that linked the fluorescein fluorophore with and without a spacer to the bisphenol A moiety. To assess the influence of the C6 spacer on the sensitivity of an assay based on the respective antibody, hapten\u2013protein conjugates were synthesized and assessed for performance in an ELISA setup, and this resulted in a highly sensitive assay with a detection limit of 0.05 \u03bcg\/L. The lowest limit of detection was reached by employing the spacer derivate in the FPIA and was 1.0 \u03bcg\/L, working range from 2 to 155 \u03bcg\/L. The validation of the methods was conducted using actual samples compared to LC\u2013MS\/MS, which served as the reference method. The FPIA and ELISA both demonstrated satisfactory concordance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/bios13060664","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,19]],"date-time":"2023-06-19T03:04:40Z","timestamp":1687143880000},"page":"664","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["BPA Endocrine Disruptor Detection at the Cutting Edge: FPIA and ELISA Immunoassays"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Anna","family":"Raysyan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, 12205 Berlin, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin, 12489 Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandro","family":"Zwigart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty III Process Sciences, Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6936-0720","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sergei","family":"Eremin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chemical Faculty, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2228-1248","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rudolf","family":"Schneider","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, 12205 Berlin, Germany"},{"name":"Faculty III Process Sciences, Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1503","DOI":"10.1111\/1541-4337.12388","article-title":"Bisphenol A: Food exposure and impact on human health","volume":"17","author":"Almeida","year":"2018","journal-title":"Compr. Rev. Food Sci. 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