{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T19:53:17Z","timestamp":1791921197278,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,25]],"date-time":"2023-07-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1690243200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Committee","award":["JCYJ20220530153811027"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JCYJ20220530153811027"]}]},{"name":"Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Committee","award":["LGKCYLWS2021000003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LGKCYLWS2021000003"]}]},{"name":"Longgang District Medical and health science and technology project","award":["JCYJ20220530153811027"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JCYJ20220530153811027"]}]},{"name":"Longgang District Medical and health science and technology project","award":["LGKCYLWS2021000003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LGKCYLWS2021000003"]}]},{"name":"Instrumental Analysis Center of Shenzhen University (Xili Campus)","award":["JCYJ20220530153811027"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JCYJ20220530153811027"]}]},{"name":"Instrumental Analysis Center of Shenzhen University (Xili Campus)","award":["LGKCYLWS2021000003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LGKCYLWS2021000003"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biosensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Early detection and timely intervention play a vital role in the effective management of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Currently, the diagnostic accuracy for Alzheimer\u2019s disease based on a single blood biomarker is relatively low, and the combined use of multiple blood biomarkers can greatly improve diagnostic accuracy. Herein, we report a printed electrochemical biosensor based on vertical graphene (VG) modified with gold nanoparticles (VG@nanoAu) for the simultaneous detection of four Alzheimer\u2019s disease blood biomarkers. The printed electrochemical electrode array was constructed by laser etching and inkjet printing. Then gold nanoparticles were modified onto the working electrode surface via electrodeposition to further improve the sensitivity of the sensor. In addition, the entire printed electrochemical sensing system incorporates an electrochemical micro-workstation and a smartphone. The customized electrochemical micro-workstation incorporates four electro-chemical control chips, enabling the sensor to simultaneously analyze four biomarkers. Consequently, the printed electrochemical sensing system exhibits excellent analytical performance due to the large surface area, biocompatibility, and good conductivity of VG@nanoAu. The detection limit of the sensing system for A\u03b240, A\u03b242, T-tau, and P-tau181 was 0.072, 0.089, 0.071, and 0.051 pg\/mL, respectively, which meets the detection requirements of Alzheimer\u2019s disease blood biomarkers. The printed electrochemical sensing system also exhibits good specificity and stability. This work has great value and promising prospects for early Alzheimer\u2019s disease diagnosis using blood biomarkers.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/bios13080758","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,26]],"date-time":"2023-07-26T01:09:01Z","timestamp":1690333741000},"page":"758","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Vertical Graphene-Based Printed Electrochemical Biosensor for Simultaneous Detection of Four Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Blood Biomarkers"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Mifang","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Longgang Central Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518116, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Longgang Central Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518116, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhen","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Longgang Central Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518116, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lingyan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Longgang Central Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518116, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6118-665X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yibiao","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Longgang Central Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518116, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1577","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)32205-4","article-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"397","author":"Scheltens","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alzheimer\u2019s Association (2023). 2023 Alzheimer\u2019s disease facts and figures. 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