{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T03:20:54Z","timestamp":1792984854931,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,7]],"date-time":"2023-09-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1694044800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico do Brasil (CNPq)","award":["311651\/2022-4"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["311651\/2022-4"]}]},{"name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico do Brasil (CNPq)","award":["APQ 1550-313\/22"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["APQ 1550-313\/22"]}]},{"name":"FACEPE\u2014Funda\u00e7\u00e3o do Amparo a Ci\u00eancia de Pernambuco","award":["311651\/2022-4"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["311651\/2022-4"]}]},{"name":"FACEPE\u2014Funda\u00e7\u00e3o do Amparo a Ci\u00eancia de Pernambuco","award":["APQ 1550-313\/22"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["APQ 1550-313\/22"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biosensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A sensitive electrochemical immunosensor for the detection of the heart-type fatty acid binding protein (HFABP), an earlier biomarker for acute myocardial infarction than Troponins, is described. The sensing platform was enhanced with methylene blue (MB) redox coupled to carbon nanotubes (CNT) assembled on a polymer film of polythionine (PTh). For this strategy, monomers of thionine rich in amine groups were electrosynthesized by cyclic voltammetry on the immunosensor\u2019s gold surface, forming an electroactive film with excellent electron transfer capacity. Stepwise sensor surface preparation was electrochemically characterized at each step and scanning electronic microscopy was carried out showing all the preparation steps. The assembled sensor platform combines MB and PTh in a synergism, allowing sensitive detection of the H-FABP in a linear response from 3.0 to 25.0 ng\u2219mL\u22121 with a limit of detection of 1.47 ng\u2219mL\u22121 HFABP that is similar to the clinical level range for diagnostics. H-FABP is a newer powerful biomarker for distinguishing between unstable angina and acute myocardial infarction.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/bios13090873","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,7]],"date-time":"2023-09-07T10:11:07Z","timestamp":1694081467000},"page":"873","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["A Methylene Blue-Enhanced Nanostructured Electrochemical Immunosensor for H-FABP Myocardial Injury Biomarker"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Cec\u00edlia Maciel","family":"Prado","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, Recife 50670-90, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paula Ang\u00e9lica","family":"Burgos Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, Recife 50670-90, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucas","family":"Alves de Lima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, Recife 50670-90, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3395-3663","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erika Ketlem","family":"Gomes Trindade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, Recife 50670-90, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8314-4218","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rosa","family":"Fireman Dutra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. 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