{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T17:46:44Z","timestamp":1789840004520,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,5]],"date-time":"2024-06-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1717545600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"European Union","award":["101072845"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["101072845"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biosensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Zinc oxide (ZnO) is considered to be one of the most explored and reliable sensing materials for UV detection due to its excellent properties, like a wide band gap and high exciton energy. Our current study on a photodetector based on tetrapodal ZnO (t-ZnO) reported an extremely high UV response of ~9200 for 394 nm UV illumination at 25 \u00b0C. The t-ZnO network structure and morphology were investigated using XRD and SEM. The sensor showed a UV\/visible ratio of ~12 at 25 \u00b0C for 394 nm UV illumination and 443 nm visible illumination. By increasing the temperature, monotonic decreases in response and recovery time were observed. By increasing the bias voltage, the response time was found to decrease while the recovery time was increased. The maximum responsivity shifted to higher wavelengths from 394 nm to 400 nm by increasing the operating temperature from 25 \u00b0C to 100 \u00b0C. The t-ZnO networks exhibited gas-sensing performances at temperatures above 250 \u00b0C, and a maximum response of ~1.35 was recorded at 350 \u00b0C with a good repeatability and fast recovery in 16 s for 100 ppm of n-butanol vapor. This study demonstrated that t-ZnO networks are good biosensors that can be used for diverse biomedical applications like the sensing of VOCs (volatile organic compounds) and ultraviolet detection under a wide range of temperatures, and may find new possibilities in biosensing applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/bios14060293","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,5]],"date-time":"2024-06-05T03:49:28Z","timestamp":1717559368000},"page":"293","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Multifunctional Three-in-One Sensor on t-ZnO for Ultraviolet and VOC Sensing for Bioengineering Applications"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-1266-1892","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rajat","family":"Nagpal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Nanotechnology and Nanosensors, Department of Microelectronics and Biomedical Engineering, Technical University of Moldova, 168 Stefan cel Mare Av., MD-2004 Chisinau, Moldova"},{"name":"Department of Materials Science, Functional Nanomaterials, Faculty of Engineering, Kiel University, Kaiserstra\u00dfe 2, D-24143 Kiel, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2268-6181","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristian","family":"Lupan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Nanotechnology and Nanosensors, Department of Microelectronics and Biomedical Engineering, Technical University of Moldova, 168 Stefan cel Mare Av., MD-2004 Chisinau, Moldova"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2906-7255","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adrian","family":"B\u00eernaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Nanotechnology and Nanosensors, Department of Microelectronics and Biomedical Engineering, Technical University of Moldova, 168 Stefan cel Mare Av., MD-2004 Chisinau, Moldova"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-7060-5227","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandr","family":"Sereacov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Nanotechnology and Nanosensors, Department of Microelectronics and Biomedical Engineering, Technical University of Moldova, 168 Stefan cel Mare Av., MD-2004 Chisinau, Moldova"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5341-4600","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erik","family":"Greve","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materials Science, Functional Nanomaterials, Faculty of Engineering, Kiel University, Kaiserstra\u00dfe 2, D-24143 Kiel, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monja","family":"Gronenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materials Science, Functional Nanomaterials, Faculty of Engineering, Kiel University, Kaiserstra\u00dfe 2, D-24143 Kiel, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5316-7240","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leonard","family":"Siebert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materials Science, Functional Nanomaterials, Faculty of Engineering, Kiel University, Kaiserstra\u00dfe 2, D-24143 Kiel, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2617-678X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rainer","family":"Adelung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materials Science, Functional Nanomaterials, Faculty of Engineering, Kiel University, Kaiserstra\u00dfe 2, D-24143 Kiel, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7913-9712","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oleg","family":"Lupan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Nanotechnology and Nanosensors, Department of Microelectronics and Biomedical Engineering, Technical University of Moldova, 168 Stefan cel Mare Av., MD-2004 Chisinau, Moldova"},{"name":"Department of Materials Science, Functional Nanomaterials, Faculty of Engineering, Kiel University, Kaiserstra\u00dfe 2, D-24143 Kiel, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157800","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsusc.2023.157800","article-title":"A Spectrally Selective Self-Powered Photodetector Utilizing a ZnO\/Cu2O Heterojunction","volume":"636","author":"Zhao","year":"2023","journal-title":"Appl. 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