{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T04:15:55Z","timestamp":1790655355262,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,4]],"date-time":"2024-11-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1730678400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ministry of Science and Technology of ROC","award":["MOST 109-2314-B-390-001-MY3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST 109-2314-B-390-001-MY3"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Science and Technology of ROC","award":["MOST 110-2221-E-390-003-MY3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST 110-2221-E-390-003-MY3"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Science and Technology of ROC","award":["MOST 111-2221-E-214-001-MY3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST 111-2221-E-214-001-MY3"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Science and Technology of ROC","award":["KAFGH-ZY-A-111003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KAFGH-ZY-A-111003"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Science and Technology of ROC","award":["KAFGH-ZY-A-112014"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KAFGH-ZY-A-112014"]}]},{"name":"Zuoying Armed Forces General Hospital","award":["MOST 109-2314-B-390-001-MY3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST 109-2314-B-390-001-MY3"]}]},{"name":"Zuoying Armed Forces General Hospital","award":["MOST 110-2221-E-390-003-MY3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST 110-2221-E-390-003-MY3"]}]},{"name":"Zuoying Armed Forces General Hospital","award":["MOST 111-2221-E-214-001-MY3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST 111-2221-E-214-001-MY3"]}]},{"name":"Zuoying Armed Forces General Hospital","award":["KAFGH-ZY-A-111003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KAFGH-ZY-A-111003"]}]},{"name":"Zuoying Armed Forces General Hospital","award":["KAFGH-ZY-A-112014"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KAFGH-ZY-A-112014"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biosensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>B-type natriuretic peptides (BNP) are produced and secreted by the myocardium to reduce blood pressure and cardiac load. They cause vasodilation, natriuresis, growth suppression, and inhibition of the sympathetic nervous system and the renin\u2013angiotensin\u2013aldosterone system. The measurement of plasma BNP levels provides clinically useful information concerning the diagnosis and management of left ventricular dysfunction and heart failure, complementing other diagnostic testing procedures. In this work, three epitopes from the N-terminal (BNPnt), C-terminal (BNPct), and the cystine-bridged cyclic peptides (BNPr) of B-type natriuretic peptides were synthesized as templates for molecular imprinting. These peptides were doped into aniline (AN) and m-aminobenzenesulfonic acid (MSAN) for electropolymerization, thus forming epitope-imprinted poly(AN-co-MSAN) conductive films (EIPs). The monomer ratio was optimized using the electrochemical signals during polymerization. The optimized films were then characterized using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), atomic force microscope (AFM), and AC impedance. The electrochemical response of the films to the target peptides and to BNP was then measured. The sensing range of the EIPs-coated electrodes was from 0.001 to 1000 pg\/mL for BNP. Finally, the BNP concentration in diluted serum samples was measured with the BNPrIP-coated electrode, giving 3.15 \u00b1 0.07 pg\/mL. By spiking the sample with known BNP concentrations, the accuracy was determined to be better than \u00b15%.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/bios14110533","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,4]],"date-time":"2024-11-04T10:57:20Z","timestamp":1730717840000},"page":"533","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Electrochemical Determination of B-Type Natriuretic Peptide with an Epitope-Imprinted Polymer-Based Sensor"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Kai-Hsi","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung 81148, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Zuoying Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung 81342, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2420-7992","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"James L.","family":"Thomas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pei-Chia","family":"Chu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung 81148, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing-Chen","family":"Ciou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung 81148, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chuen-Yau","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung 81148, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hung-Yin","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung 81148, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mei-Hwa","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materials Science and Engineering, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 84001, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"907","article-title":"Molecular biology and biochemistry of the natriuretic peptide system","volume":"10","author":"Nakao","year":"1992","journal-title":"I Natriuret. 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