{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T03:51:43Z","timestamp":1793159503025,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,16]],"date-time":"2025-01-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1736985600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Konkuk University","award":["2023-A019-0103"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023-A019-0103"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biosensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Lateral flow immunoassays (LFIAs) are widely used for their low cost, simplicity, and rapid results; however, enhancing their reliability requires the meticulous selection of ligands and nanoparticles (NPs). SiO2@QD@SiO2 (QD2) nanoparticles, which consist of quantum dots (QDs) embedded in a silica (SiO2) core and surrounded by an outer SiO2 shell, exhibit significantly higher fluorescence intensity (FI) compared to single QDs. In this study, we prepared QD2@PEG@Aptamer, an aptamer conjugated with QD2 using succinimidyl-[(N-maleimidopropionamido)-hexaethyleneglycol]ester, which is 130 times brighter than single QDs, for detecting carbohydrate antigen (CA) 19-9 through LFIA. For LFIA optimization, we determined the optimal conditions as a 1.0:2.0 \u00d7 10\u22122 ratio of polyethylene glycol (PEG) to aptamer by adjusting the amounts of PEG and aptamer, phosphate-buffered saline containing 0.5% Tween\u00ae 20 as a developing solution, and 0.15 \u03bcg NPs by setting the NP weight during development. Under these conditions, QD2@PEG@Aptamer selectively detected CA19-9, achieving a detection limit of 1.74 \u00d7 10\u22122 mg\u00b7mL\u22121. Moreover, FI remained stable for 10 days after detection. These results highlight the potential of QD2 and aptamer conjugation technology as a reliable and versatile sensing platform for various diagnostic applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/bios15010054","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,16]],"date-time":"2025-01-16T10:44:23Z","timestamp":1737024263000},"page":"54","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Aptamer-Conjugated Multi-Quantum Dot-Embedded Silica Nanoparticles for Lateral Flow Immunoassay"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-8582-2165","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kwanghee","family":"Yoo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hye-Seong","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jaehi","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Minsup","family":"Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun-Sik","family":"Chu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sohyeon","family":"Jang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Han-Joo","family":"Bae","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3919-037X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Heung Su","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Company of Global Zeus, Hwaseong 18363, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0732-9779","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Homan","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6556-7946","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bong-Hyun","family":"Jun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115842","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trac.2020.115842","article-title":"Lateral flow assays towards point-of-care cancer detection: A review of current progress and future trends","volume":"125","author":"Mahmoudi","year":"2020","journal-title":"TrAC Trends Anal. 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