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As females are evidenced to be more sensitive to cold exposure, this study investigated the relationship between physiological metrics and cognitive performance deterioration of female subjects under cold stress. Wearable electrodermal activity (EDA) and electrocardiogram (ECG) were collected from nineteen females who underwent five sessions of a cognitive task battery\u2014assessing reaction time, memory, and attention\u2014in a cold (10 \u00b0C) environment. Machine learning classifiers showed higher cognitive performance classification accuracies with heart rate variability (HRV) features than with EDA features. Particularly in detecting performance deterioration in a task associated with assessing short-term memory, our support vector machine classifier with HRV features showed an 82.4% accuracy, with a sensitivity of 84.2% and a specificity of 80.6%, whereas a 55.4% accuracy with a sensitivity of 44.7% and a specificity of 66.7% was obtained with EDA features. Our results demonstrate the feasibility of detecting performance deterioration from females who underwent cold exposure using wearable EDA and ECG, allowing for preventive measures to reduce risk in cold environments, especially for female military personnel.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/bios15020078","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,29]],"date-time":"2025-01-29T11:10:39Z","timestamp":1738149039000},"page":"78","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Detection of Cognitive Performance Deterioration Due to Cold-Air Exposure in Females Using Wearable Electrodermal Activity and Electrocardiogram"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5409-3888","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Youngsun","family":"Kong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2211-7475","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Riley","family":"McNaboe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Md Billal","family":"Hossain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Analog Devices, Wilmington, MA 01887, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4514-4772","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hugo F.","family":"Posada-Quintero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Krystina","family":"Diaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leidos, Reston, VA 20190, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4422-4837","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ki H.","family":"Chon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey","family":"Bolkhovsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Naval Submarine Medical Research Laboratory, Groton, CT 06349, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"682","DOI":"10.1080\/00140130210158419","article-title":"Effects of Hot and Cold Temperature Exposure on Performance: A Meta-Analytic Review","volume":"45","author":"Pilcher","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ergonomics"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yang, L., Wu, J., Hu, Z., Gao, F., and Hu, X. 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