{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T23:55:39Z","timestamp":1790812539470,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":336,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,18]],"date-time":"2025-03-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742256000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"collaborative fund with Vincent RenalCan Medical Technology Company Limited","award":["P0051331"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P0051331"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biosensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is a vital treatment for end-stage renal disease patients, but its efficacy is often compromised by complications such as infections and peritoneal fibrosis. Biological field-effect transistors (BioFETs) present a promising solution for rapid, sensitive, and non-invasive detection of indicators and biomarkers associated with these complications, potentially enabling early intervention. However, BioFETs are yet to be adopted for PD monitoring. This review presents a forward-looking analysis of the capacity and potential integration of BioFETs into PD management systems, highlighting their capacity to monitor both routine indicators of dialysis efficiency and metabolic status, as well as specific biomarkers for complications such as inflammation and fibrosis. We examine the challenges in adapting BioFETs for PD applications, focusing on key areas for improvement, including sensitivity, specificity, stability, reusability, and clinical integration. Furthermore, we discuss various approaches to address these challenges, which are crucial for developing point-of-care (PoC) and multiplexed wearable devices. These advancements could facilitate continuous, precise, and user-friendly monitoring, potentially revolutionizing PD complication management and enhancing patient care.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/bios15030193","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,18]],"date-time":"2025-03-18T11:02:31Z","timestamp":1742295751000},"page":"193","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["The Versatility of Biological Field-Effect Transistor-Based Biosensors (BioFETs) in Point-of-Care Diagnostics: Applications and Future Directions for Peritoneal Dialysis Monitoring"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-2994-2572","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Quan","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-2376-5298","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zi-An","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-0404-6794","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ke-Yu","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuk-Lun","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Alice Ho Miu Ling Nethersole Hospital, Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7920-4599","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dexter Siu-Hong","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8805-1157","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Duo Wai-Chi","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7446-0569","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"James Chung-Wai","family":"Cheung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong"},{"name":"Research Institute for Smart Ageing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.1038\/s41581-022-00623-7","article-title":"Epidemiology of peritoneal dialysis outcomes","volume":"18","author":"Bello","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. 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