{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T05:13:11Z","timestamp":1789708391431,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":129,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,26]],"date-time":"2025-05-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748217600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"FSC\/PON FSE\u2014FESR 2014\u20132020","award":["DOT1712250"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DOT1712250"]}]},{"name":"FSC\/PON FSE\u2014FESR 2014\u20132020","award":["CUP F85F20000270006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CUP F85F20000270006"]}]},{"name":"FSC\/PON FSE\u2014FESR 2014\u20132020","award":["6277F79D-UNISAL036"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["6277F79D-UNISAL036"]}]},{"name":"Italian National PON-AIM1800370-activity 2 (topic Health)","award":["DOT1712250"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DOT1712250"]}]},{"name":"Italian National PON-AIM1800370-activity 2 (topic Health)","award":["CUP F85F20000270006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CUP F85F20000270006"]}]},{"name":"Italian National PON-AIM1800370-activity 2 (topic Health)","award":["6277F79D-UNISAL036"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["6277F79D-UNISAL036"]}]},{"name":"Apulia region program \u201cRESEARCH FOR INNOVATION\u201d","award":["DOT1712250"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DOT1712250"]}]},{"name":"Apulia region program \u201cRESEARCH FOR INNOVATION\u201d","award":["CUP F85F20000270006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CUP F85F20000270006"]}]},{"name":"Apulia region program \u201cRESEARCH FOR INNOVATION\u201d","award":["6277F79D-UNISAL036"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["6277F79D-UNISAL036"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biosensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The development of alternatives to animal models and traditional cell cultures has led to the emergence of organ-on-chip (OoC) systems, which replicate organ functions under both physiological and pathological conditions. These microfluidic platforms simulate key tissue interfaces\u2014such as tissue\u2013air, tissue\u2013liquid, and tissue\u2013tissue interactions\u2014while incorporating biomechanical stimuli to closely resemble in vivo environments. This makes OoC systems particularly suitable for modeling biological barriers such as the skin, the placenta, and the blood\u2013brain barrier, which play essential roles in maintaining homeostasis. This review explores various biological barrier models that can be replicated using the OoC technology, discussing the integration of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) to advance personalized medicine. Additionally, we examine the methods for assessing barrier formation, including real-time monitoring through integrated sensors, and discuss the advantages and challenges associated with these technologies. The potential of OoC systems in disease modeling, drug discovery, and personalized therapeutic strategies is also highlighted.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/bios15060338","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,27]],"date-time":"2025-05-27T05:52:52Z","timestamp":1748325172000},"page":"338","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Biological Barrier Models-on-Chips: A Novel Tool for Disease Research and Drug Discovery"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-2276-5035","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giusi","family":"Caragnano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Omnics Research Group, Department of Mathematics and Physics \u201cEnnio De Giorgi\u201d, Institute of Nanotechnology, CNR\u2014Nanotec and INFN Sezione di Lecce, University of Salento, Via per Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy"},{"name":"National Institute of Gastroenterology \u201cSaverio de Bellis\u201d, IRCCS Hospital, Castellana Grotte, 70013 Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9265-134X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna Grazia","family":"Monteduro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Omnics Research Group, Department of Mathematics and Physics \u201cEnnio De Giorgi\u201d, Institute of Nanotechnology, CNR\u2014Nanotec and INFN Sezione di Lecce, University of Salento, Via per Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3908-4796","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Silvia","family":"Rizzato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Omnics Research Group, Department of Mathematics and Physics \u201cEnnio De Giorgi\u201d, Institute of Nanotechnology, CNR\u2014Nanotec and INFN Sezione di Lecce, University of Salento, Via per Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5140-8060","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gianluigi","family":"Giannelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Gastroenterology \u201cSaverio de Bellis\u201d, IRCCS Hospital, Castellana Grotte, 70013 Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7669-0253","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Maruccio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Omnics Research Group, Department of Mathematics and Physics \u201cEnnio De Giorgi\u201d, Institute of Nanotechnology, CNR\u2014Nanotec and INFN Sezione di Lecce, University of Salento, Via per Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Arik, Y.B., van der Helm, M.W., Odijk, M., Segerink, L.I., Passier, R., van den Berg, A., and van der Meer, A.D. 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