{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T20:12:13Z","timestamp":1783973533334,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,6]],"date-time":"2025-06-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1749168000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biosensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: The influence of gait speed on lower-extremity coordination while walking in people with Parkinson\u2019s disease (pwPD) is poorly understood. This study sought to investigate the relationship between gait speed and hip\u2013knee coordination and coordination variability in older adults and pwPD. Methods: A total of 27 pwPD and 21 healthy older adults were recruited. Participants walked in a straight line at slow, preferred, and fast walking speeds. Gait data were collected using inertial measurement units, and the kinematics of the hip and knee were calculated. Coordination and coordination variability at the hip\u2013knee joint pair were determined using continuous relative phase. A repeated measures two-way ANCOVA tested the impact of gait speed on coordination and coordination variability, while group differences were evaluated using statistical parametric mapping (SPM). Results: Neither the healthy older adults nor the pwPD adjusted their hip\u2013knee coordination in response to changes in gait speed. pwPD also displayed a trend towards restricted hip and knee joint excursion compared to older adults, which may further limit their ability to adapt gait strategies. Conclusions: These findings suggest that interventions addressing both joint excursion and motor adaptability may be important for improving gait function in individuals with Parkinson\u2019s disease. Real-world applicability can be found in the potential of wearable sensors to become a valuable tool in routine clinical practice for both diagnosis and ongoing management. Trial registration: The study is registered in the German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS00022998).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/bios15060367","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,6]],"date-time":"2025-06-06T11:08:31Z","timestamp":1749208111000},"page":"367","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Influence of Gait Speed on Inter-Joint Coordination in People with and Without Parkinson\u2019s Disease"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6432-8118","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patrick","family":"Ippersiel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Recherche Azrieli du CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada"},{"name":"School of Kinesiology and Physical Activity Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3581-7259","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Philippe C.","family":"Dixon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Kinesiology and Physical Activity, McGill University, 475 Av des Pins O 2nd Floor, Montreal, QC H2W 1S4, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elke","family":"Warmerdam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Signals and Systems, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Twente, 7522 Enschede, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2507-0924","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robbin","family":"Romijnders","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein Campus Kiel, Kiel University, Arnold-Heller Str. 3, 24105 Kiel, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5945-4694","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Walter","family":"Maetzler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein Campus Kiel, Kiel University, Arnold-Heller Str. 3, 24105 Kiel, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4813-3868","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Clint","family":"Hansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein Campus Kiel, Kiel University, Arnold-Heller Str. 3, 24105 Kiel, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2019.22360","article-title":"Diagnosis and Treatment of Parkinson Disease: A Review","volume":"323","author":"Armstrong","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2007.131045","article-title":"Parkinson\u2019s disease: Clinical features and diagnosis","volume":"79","author":"Jankovic","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. 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