{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T20:56:42Z","timestamp":1793134602137,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":92,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]],"date-time":"2025-12-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765756800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006769","name":"Russian Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["23-19-00788"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["23-19-00788"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006769","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biosensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Single exosomes are detected via surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) due to electromagnetic field accumulation on a specially designed flexible metasurface. This metasurface is a modulated silver nanofilm deposited on a thin, flexible plastic substrate. An explicit Equation for calculating the local electric field is given. The field reaches extremely high values under plasmon resonance conditions and fills the depressions of the metasurface. The thin, flexible metasurface can be incorporated into automated Lab-On-Chip analytical systems and used for spectroscopic studies of exosomes. We propose a method to distinguish individual exosomes from the HEK293T cell line on the metasurface and then obtain and assign their SERS spectra. An important advantage of the plasmonic metasurface presented in this work is its spatial complementarity to exosomes and other vesicle-like objects. The plasmonic metasurface is fabricated using holographic lithography and further investigated using a correlation approach combining atomic force microscopy, scanning spreading resistance microscopy, and surface-enhanced spectroscopy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/bios15120815","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,16]],"date-time":"2025-12-16T08:46:52Z","timestamp":1765874812000},"page":"815","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Single-Exosome SERS Detection by Means of a Flexible Metasurface"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Konstantin","family":"Mochalov","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Shemyakin\u2013Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 16\/10 Miklukho-Maklaya Street, Moscow 117997, Russia"},{"name":"Educational Resource Center for Cellular Technology, RUDN University, 6 Miklukho-Maklaya Street, Moscow 117198, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-2626-1278","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Denis","family":"Korzhov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shemyakin\u2013Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 16\/10 Miklukho-Maklaya Street, Moscow 117997, Russia"},{"name":"Department of Micro and Nano Systems, National Research Nuclear University MEPHI, Kashirskoe Shosse 31, Moscow 115409, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6543-4289","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Milena","family":"Shestopalova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shemyakin\u2013Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 16\/10 Miklukho-Maklaya Street, Moscow 117997, Russia"},{"name":"Department of Solid-State Physics and Nanosystems, National Research Nuclear University MEPHI, Kashirskoe Shosse 31, Moscow 115409, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0450-1489","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrey","family":"Ivanov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Theoretical and Applied Electromagnetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 13\/6 Izhorskaya Street, Moscow 125412, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Konstantin","family":"Afanasev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Theoretical and Applied Electromagnetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 13\/6 Izhorskaya Street, Moscow 125412, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7394-5940","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander","family":"Smyk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"James River Branch LLC, Tvardovsky St., 8, Moscow 123458, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3514-2709","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander","family":"Shurygin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"James River Branch LLC, Tvardovsky St., 8, Moscow 123458, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2096-6318","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrey K.","family":"Sarychev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Theoretical and Applied Electromagnetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 13\/6 Izhorskaya Street, Moscow 125412, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117077","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trac.2023.117077","article-title":"Optical microscopic and spectroscopic detection of exosomes","volume":"163","author":"Wei","year":"2023","journal-title":"TrAC Trends Anal. 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