{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T10:17:51Z","timestamp":1788257871369,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,10]],"date-time":"2026-01-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768003200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biosensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Flexible biosensors offer rapid and low-cost diagnostics but are often limited by the mechanical and electrochemical instability of polymer-based designs in biological media. Here, we introduce a metallic flexible microcrack transducer that exploits the intrinsic deformability of superelastic nickel\u2013titanium (NiTi) for label-free impedimetric detection. Mechanical bending of NiTi wires spontaneously generates martensitic-phase microcracks whose metal\u2013gap\u2013metal geometry forms the active transduction sites, where functional interfacial layers and captured analytes modulate the local dielectric environment and govern the impedance response. Our approach imparts a novel dielectric character to the alloy, enabling its unexplored application in the megahertz (MHz) frequency domain (0.01\u201310 MHz) where native NiTi is merely conductive. Functionalization with Escherichia coli (E. coli)-specific antibodies renders these microdomains biologically active. This effectively transforms the mechanically induced microcracks into tunable impedance elements driven by analyte binding. The \u03b3-bent NiTi sensors achieved stable and quantitative detection of E. coli ATCC 25922 in sterile human urine, with a detection limit of 64 colony forming units (CFU) mL\u22121 within 45 min, without redox mediators, external labels, or amplification steps. This work pioneers the use of martensitic microcrack networks, mimicking self-healing behavior in a superelastic alloy as functional transduction elements, defining a new class of metallic flexible biosensors that integrate mechanical robustness, analytical reliability, and scalability for point-of-care biosensing.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/bios16010054","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]],"date-time":"2026-01-12T08:20:37Z","timestamp":1768206037000},"page":"54","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Metallic Flexible NiTi Wire Microcrack Transducer for Label-Free Impedimetric Sensing of Escherichia coli"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0898-3107","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gizem","family":"\u00d6zl\u00fc T\u00fcrk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Biological and Medical Diagnostic Sensors Laboratory (BioMeD Sensors Lab.), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Erciyes University, Kayseri 38030, T\u00fcrkiye"},{"name":"Biomedical Engineering Program, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Erciyes University, Kayseri 38280, T\u00fcrkiye"},{"name":"Biomedical Device Technologies Program, Department of Electronics and Automation, Ercis Vocational School, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Van 65400, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5213-2679","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mehmet \u00c7a\u011fr\u0131","family":"Soylu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biological and Medical Diagnostic Sensors Laboratory (BioMeD Sensors Lab.), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Erciyes University, Kayseri 38030, T\u00fcrkiye"},{"name":"Biomedical Engineering Program, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Erciyes University, Kayseri 38280, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21721","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.3c02690","article-title":"Recent Advancements in Physiological, Biochemical, and Multimodal Sensors Based on Flexible Substrates: Strategies, Technologies, and Integrations","volume":"15","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"ACS Appl. 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