{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T19:36:04Z","timestamp":1790105764281,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,3]],"date-time":"2026-03-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772496000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biosensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A highly selective and sensitive compact immunosensing strategy was developed for the determination of DJ-1, a potential biomarker of Parkinson\u2019s disease, one of the leading neurodegenerative disorders, using a portable potentiostat. Initially, screen-printed carbon electrodes (SPCEs) were modified with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), followed by functionalization with 4-mercapto-1-butanol (MOH). Subsequently, the AuNPs-doped and hydroxyl-functionalized electrodes were treated with 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS) to facilitate immobilization of anti-DJ-1 antibodies. Immobilization steps were monitored using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) performed on a bench potentiostat, while the entire analytical performance of the developed biosensor system and its response in artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF) were evaluated by monitoring cathodic current changes with a portable electrochemical reader. The resulting biorecognition element enabled the detection of DJ-1 within the concentration range of 0.001 to 0.3 ng\/mL, based on cathodic current changes, achieving a limit of detection as low as 0.00059 ng\/mL. Surface morphology and elemental composition alterations were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). A notable advantage of this GPTMS@AuNPs-based biosensor system is its prolonged storage stability and its capability to accurately quantify DJ-1 in artificial cerebrospinal fluid samples, with recovery rates ranging from 98.66% to 123.3%.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/bios16030146","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,3]],"date-time":"2026-03-03T09:45:12Z","timestamp":1772531112000},"page":"146","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Sensitive Detection of DJ-1 in Artificial Cerebrospinal Fluid Using a Portable GPTMS-Coordinated Gold Nanoparticle-Based Biosensor"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"M\u00fcnteha Nur","family":"Sonu\u00e7 Karabo\u011fa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, Tekirdag Namik Kemal University, Tekirdag 59030, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Teleanu, D.M., Niculescu, A.-G., Lungu, I.I., Radu, C.I., Vlad\u00e2cenco, O., Roza, E., Cost\u0103chescu, B., Grumezescu, A.M., and Teleanu, R.I. 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