{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,4]],"date-time":"2026-11-04T08:21:27Z","timestamp":1793780487047,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":108,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786406400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Band\u0131rma Onyedi Eyl\u00fcl University","award":["BAP-25-1003-002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BAP-25-1003-002"]}]},{"award":["BAP-25-1003-002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BAP-25-1003-002"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02mtr7g38","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biosensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Shigella is a foodborne bacterial pathogen with a low infectious dose and significant public health impact. Culture-based and molecular techniques provide reliable identification but are time-consuming. Nanoparticle-based biosensors offer sensitive, selective, and compact alternatives. Recent advances in nanoparticle-based biosensors for Shigella spp. (S. flexneri, S. sonnei, S. dysenteriae, and S. boydii) detection have been reviewed in terms of signal amplification, biorecognition, biological targets, sensor types, and performance in real food matrices. Detection strategies rely on gene-level and whole-cell recognition. Targeting virulence genes, invasion plasmid antigen H (ipaH), provides stable genus-level identification, whereas whole-cell recognition facilitates rapid detection without extensive sample preparation. Optical biosensors, including fluorescence-based methods, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), and localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR), achieve low detection limits with strong tolerance to complex food matrices. Electrochemical biosensors offer operational simplicity, portability, and suitability for food screening. Lateral flow and hybrid systems provide rapid detection through simplified assay formats and visual readout, with performance influenced by the balance between speed and sensitivity. Validation in real food matrices shows acceptable recoveries, minimal cross-reactivity, and agreement with reference methods. This overview provides a design-oriented framework for nanoparticle-based biosensor selection in food safety by integrating nanomaterial function, biosensor design, and performance characteristics.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/bios16080435","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T16:30:32Z","timestamp":1786465832000},"page":"435","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Recent Progress in Nanoparticle-Based Biosensors for Monitoring Shigella spp. in Food Safety: A Critical Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0731-200X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sumeyra","family":"Savas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Biosensors and Biotechnology Laboratory (BBL), Medical School, Band\u0131rma Onyedi Eyl\u00fcl University, Band\u0131rma 10200, Bal\u0131kesir, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6280-8361","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seyed Mohammad Taghi","family":"Gharibzahedi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute\u00a0of Materials Science, Faculty of Engineering, Kiel University, 24143 Kiel, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106862","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mimet.2023.106862","article-title":"Rapid Method for Detection of Vibrio cholerae from Drinking Water with Nanomaterials Enhancing Electrochemical Biosensor","volume":"216","author":"Savas","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. 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