{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]],"date-time":"2026-03-30T10:16:47Z","timestamp":1774865807235,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,24]],"date-time":"2022-08-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661299200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006181","name":"FAPESB\u2014Research Support Foundation of the State of Bahia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BOL0642\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BOL0642\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006181","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006181","name":"FAPESB\u2014Research Support Foundation of the State of Bahia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006181","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior (CAPES), Brazil","award":["BOL0642\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BOL0642\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior (CAPES), Brazil","award":["001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["001"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BioTech"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Microalgae lipids offer numerous advantages over those of plants and animals, enabling the sustainable commercialization of high value-added products in different markets. Although these markets are in a vertiginous annual expansion, technological life cycle modeling is a tool that has been rarely used for microalgae. Life cycle modeling is capable of assisting with decision-making based on data and is considered as a versatile model, usable in multiple software analyzing and diagnostic tasks. Modeling technological trends makes it possible to categorize the development level of the market and predict phase changes, reducing uncertainties and increasing investments. This study aims to fill this gap by performing a global analysis and modeling of microalgal lipid innovations. The Espacenet and Orbit platforms were used by crossing the keywords \u201cmicroalgae\u201d, \u201clipid*\u201d, and the IPC code C12 (biochemistry and microbiology). Different sigmoid growth models were used in the present study. A successive repetition of the Chlorella genus category was found in the keyword clusters regarding extraction and separation of lipids. The life cycle S curve indicates a market starting at the maturity phase, where the BiDoseResp model stands out. The main countries and institutions at the technological forefront are shown, as well as potential technological domains for opening new markets.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biotech11030037","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,24]],"date-time":"2022-08-24T02:55:34Z","timestamp":1661309734000},"page":"37","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Analysis and Modeling of Innovations in the Global Microalgae Lipids Market"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2390-9319","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nat\u00e1lia Santana","family":"Carvalho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Chemical Engineering (PPEQ), Polytechnic School, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40210-630, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luiggi Cavalcanti","family":"Pess\u00f4a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Chemical Engineering (PPEQ), Polytechnic School, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40210-630, Brazil"},{"name":"Senai Cimatec University Center, Environment Department, Salvador 41650-010, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kricelle Mosquera","family":"Deamici","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GreenCoLab\u2014Associa\u00e7\u00e3o Oceano Verde, Algarve University, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jania Bet\u00e2nia Alves","family":"da Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Chemical Engineering (PPEQ), Polytechnic School, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40210-630, Brazil"},{"name":"Center of Science and Technology, Mechanical Engineering Collegiate, Federal University of Rec\u00f4ncavo of Bahia, Cruz das Almas 44380-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fernanda Aleluia","family":"de Souza Parga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Undergraduate Program in Chemical Engineering, Salvador University, Salvador 41820-021, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8028-5418","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carolina Oliveira","family":"de Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Food Science (PGALI), College of Pharmacy, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40170-115, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3621-9640","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro Paulo Lordelo Guimar\u00e3es","family":"Tavares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Food Science (PGALI), College of Pharmacy, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40170-115, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9226-4155","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Denilson","family":"de Jesus Assis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Chemical Engineering (PPEQ), Polytechnic School, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40210-630, Brazil"},{"name":"School of Exact and Technological Sciences, Salvador University, Salvador 41820-021, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"FAO (2018). The Future of Food and Agriculture\u2014Alternative Pathways to 2050|Global Perspectives Studies|Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Food and Agriculture Organization."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2018.01.149","article-title":"Outdoor pilot-scale cultivation of Spirulina sp. LEB-18 in different geographic locations for evaluating its growth and chemical composition","volume":"256","author":"Uebel","year":"2018","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123890","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fuel.2022.123890","article-title":"Depolymerization and conversion of waste-activated sludge to value-added bioproducts by fungi","volume":"320","author":"Zhu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Fuel"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117952","DOI":"10.1016\/j.energy.2020.117952","article-title":"Energy consumption and heating costs for a detached house over a 12-year period\u2014Renewable fuels versus fossil fuels","volume":"204","author":"Stolarski","year":"2020","journal-title":"Energy"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"658284","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2021.658284","article-title":"Biodiesel Production from Lignocellulosic Biomass Using Oleaginous Microbes: Prospects for Integrated Biofuel Production","volume":"12","author":"Chintagunta","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5763","DOI":"10.1002\/jsfa.11390","article-title":"Research advancement and commercialization of microalgae edible oil: A review","volume":"101","author":"Xue","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Sci. Food Agric."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultsonch.2018.08.003","article-title":"Enhanced lipid extraction from oleaginous yeast biomass using ultrasound assisted extraction: A greener and scalable process","volume":"52","author":"Kumar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ultrason. Sonochem."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-9484-7_1","article-title":"Microbial lipid alternatives to plant lipids","volume":"Volume 1995","author":"Balan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Microbial Lipid Production"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102504","DOI":"10.1016\/j.algal.2021.102504","article-title":"Technological prospection of microalgae-based biorefinery approach for effluent treatment","volume":"60","author":"Deamici","year":"2021","journal-title":"Algal Res."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rumin, J., Nicolau, E., de Oliveira, R.G., Fuentes-Gr\u00fcnewald, C., and Picot, L. (2020). Analysis of scientific research driving microalgae market opportunities in Europe. Mar. Drugs, 18.","DOI":"10.3390\/md18050264"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shokravi, Z., Shokravi, H., Chyuan, O.H., Lau, W.J., Koloor, S.S.R., Petr\u016f, M., and Ismail, A.F. (2020). Improving \u2018lipid productivity\u2019 in microalgae by bilateral enhancement of biomass and lipid contents: A review. Sustainability, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/su12219083"},{"key":"ref_12","unstructured":"Parameswaran, B., Kumar, S., and Khare, S. (2018). Computational Modelling and Prediction of Microalgae Growth Focused Towards Improved Lipid Production. Biosynthetic Technology and Environmental Challenges, Varjani, S., Springer."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1416","DOI":"10.1002\/bit.28052","article-title":"Growth parameter estimation and model simulation for three industrially relevant microalgae: Picochlorum, Nannochloropsis, and Neochloris","volume":"119","author":"Barten","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biotechnol. Bioeng."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40400","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-020-11188-y","article-title":"Mathematical model of Boltzmann\u2019s sigmoidal equation applicable to the spreading of the coronavirus (Covid-19) waves","volume":"28","author":"Aferni","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1016\/j.techfore.2011.02.010","article-title":"Forecasting technology diffusion with the Richards model","volume":"79","author":"Marinakis","year":"2012","journal-title":"Technol. Forecast. Soc. Chang."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2009.07.020","article-title":"Microalgae for biodiesel production and other applications: A review","volume":"14","author":"Mata","year":"2010","journal-title":"Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2018.03.073","article-title":"The potential of microalgae in biodiesel production","volume":"90","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev."},{"key":"ref_18","unstructured":"Hoff, H. (2011). Understanding the Nexus. Background Paper for the Bonn2011 Conference: The Water, Energy and Food Security Nexus, Stockholm Environment Institute."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1345","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2017.05.224","article-title":"Possibilities for conversion of microalgae oil into aviation fuel: A review","volume":"80","author":"Bwapwa","year":"2017","journal-title":"Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1851","DOI":"10.14233\/ajchem.2019.22098","article-title":"An overview on biofuels and their advantages and disadvantages","volume":"31","author":"Datta","year":"2019","journal-title":"Asian J. Chem."},{"key":"ref_21","unstructured":"Global Market Insights (2022). Algae Oil Market Size, Regional Outlook, Application Growth Potential, COVID-19 Impact Analysis, Competitive Market Growth & Forecast, 2022\u20132028, Global Market Insights Inc."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127329","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2022.127329","article-title":"Global market and economic analysis of microalgae technology: Status and perspectives","volume":"357","author":"Show","year":"2022","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"012701","DOI":"10.1063\/1.3294480","article-title":"Dewatering of microalgal cultures: A major bottleneck to algae-based fuels","volume":"2","author":"Uduman","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Renew. Sustain. Energy"},{"key":"ref_24","unstructured":"Global Market Insights (2020). EPA\/DHA (Omega 3) Ingredients Market Size by Source (Anchovy\/Sardine Oil, High Concentrates, Medium Concentrates, Low Concentrates, Algae Oil, Tuna Oil, Cod Liver Oil, Salmon Oil, Krill Oil, Menhaden Oil), By Application (Dietary supplements, Pharmaceuticals, Functional Foods, Pet & Animal Feed, Infant Formulas), Industry Analysis Report, Regional Outlook, Application Development Potential, Price Trends, Competitive Market Share & Forecast, 2020\u20132026, Global Market Insights Inc."},{"key":"ref_25","unstructured":"Global Market Insights (2020). Global DHA Algae Oil for Infant Formula Market Size by Content (30%-40%, 40%-50%), By End-Use (0-3 Years Old, 3-6 Years Old), Industry Analysis Report, Regional Outlook, End-use Development Potential, Price Trend, Competitive Market Share & Forecast, 2020\u20132026, Global Market Insights Inc."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1077","DOI":"10.1016\/j.solener.2011.10.016","article-title":"Optimal sizing of renewable hybrids energy systems: A review of methodologies","volume":"86","year":"2012","journal-title":"Sol. Energy"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4772","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enpol.2007.03.032","article-title":"CO2 emissions, energy consumption, and output in France","volume":"35","author":"Ang","year":"2007","journal-title":"Energy Policy"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1331","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enpol.2019.02.053","article-title":"Climate agreement and technology diffusion: Impact of the Kyoto Protocol on international patent applications for renewable energy technologies","volume":"129","author":"Miyamoto","year":"2019","journal-title":"Energy Policy"},{"key":"ref_29","unstructured":"Rosa, F., Gouveia, L., and Reis, A. (2022, June 05). Microalgas: Um Futuro Mais Sustent\u00e1vel e Mais Verde. Available online: https:\/\/repositorio.lneg.pt\/handle\/10400.9\/378."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.9771\/S.CPROSP.2013.006.038","article-title":"Prospec\u00e7\u00e3o tecnol\u00f3gica sobre o cen\u00e1rio brasileiro no que tange o petr\u00f3leo e seus derivados com a substitui\u00e7\u00e3o pelos biocombust\u00edveis","volume":"6","author":"Santos","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cad. De Prospec\u00e7\u00e3o"},{"key":"ref_31","first-page":"11","article-title":"Produ\u00e7\u00e3o de biocombust\u00edveis a partir de algas fotossintetizantes","volume":"1","author":"Defanti","year":"2010","journal-title":"Bols. De Valor Rev. De Divulg. Do Proj. Univ. Petrobras E IF Flum."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"893","DOI":"10.9771\/cp.v10i4.23053","article-title":"Estudo prospectivo sobre produtos alimentares incorporados de biomassa de microalgas","volume":"10","author":"Almeida","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cad. De Prospec\u00e7\u00e3o"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.9771\/cp.v11i2.23080","article-title":"Estudo prospectivo de patentes relacionadas a utiliza\u00e7\u00e3o do Bacillus subtilis em bioprocessos","volume":"11","author":"Soares","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cad. De Prospec\u00e7\u00e3o"},{"key":"ref_34","unstructured":"de Vasconcelos, D.C., and Marquesan, F.F.S. (October, January 30). A Expectativa Para a Confer\u00eancia de Paris (COP-21). Proceedings of the XVII ENGEMA, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.21438\/rbgas.050905","article-title":"A polidez clim\u00e1tica atrav\u00e9s das Confer\u00eancias das Partes: Ensaio pol\u00edtico","volume":"5","author":"Vieira","year":"2018","journal-title":"Rev. Bras. De Gest\u00e3o Ambient. E Sustentabilidade"},{"key":"ref_36","unstructured":"Brazil (2022, June 05). Lei n. 9.279, de 14 de maio de 1996, Available online: http:\/\/www.planalto.gov.br\/ccivil_03\/leis\/l9279.htm#:~:text=LEI%20N%C2%BA%209.279%2C%20DE%2014,obriga%C3%A7%C3%B5es%20relativos%20%C3%A0%20propriedade%20industrial.&text=Art.,obriga%C3%A7%C3%B5es%20relativos%20%C3%A0%20propriedade%20industrial.&text=V%20%2D%20repress%C3%A3o%20%C3%A0%20concorr%C3%AAncia%20desleal."},{"key":"ref_37","first-page":"64","article-title":"\u00bfQue es la Gesti\u00f3n de la Innovaci\u00f3n y la Tecnolog\u00eda (GInnT)?","volume":"1","author":"Pedroza","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Technol. Manag. Innov."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wse.2019.05.007","article-title":"Porosity and permeability variations of a dam curtain during dissolution","volume":"12","author":"Huo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Water Sci. Eng."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpe.2012.07.006","article-title":"The technology life cycle: Conceptualization and managerial implications","volume":"140","author":"Taylor","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Prod. Econ."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1016\/j.techfore.2012.10.003","article-title":"Technology life cycle analysis method based on patent documents","volume":"80","author":"Gao","year":"2013","journal-title":"Technol. Forecast. Soc. Chang."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Oliveira, A.S., Silva, B.C.D.S., Ferreira, C.V., Sampaio, R.R., Machado, B.A.S., and Coelho, R.S. (2021). Adding technology sustainability evaluation to product development: A proposed methodology and an assessment model. Sustainability, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/su13042097"},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1590\/S0034-73292011000200005","article-title":"Developments of biofuels in Brazil and East Asia: Experiences and challenges","volume":"54","author":"Masiero","year":"2011","journal-title":"Rev. Bras. De Pol\u00edtica Int."},{"key":"ref_43","unstructured":"(2022, June 04). Flourish.studio. Available online: https:\/\/flourish.studio."},{"key":"ref_44","unstructured":"Yang, J.-W. (2022, June 05). Eeeforum. Algal Fuel Research in Korea. Available online: https:\/\/eeeforum.sec.tsukuba.ac.jp\/3ef\/3rd\/pdf\/IS5.pdf."},{"key":"ref_45","unstructured":"Jaeger, J., Joffe, P., and Song, R. (2022, July 06). WRI.org. China Is Leaving the US behind on Clean Energy Investment 2017. Available online: https:\/\/www.wri.org\/insights\/china-leaving-us-behind-clean-energy-investment."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kim, L. (2002). Technology Transfer and Intellectual Property Rights: Lessons from Korea\u2019s Experience, International Centre for Trade and Sustainable Development (ICTSD).","DOI":"10.7215\/IP_IP_20030601A"},{"key":"ref_47","unstructured":"Alves, S.C.M. (2004). Propriedade Intelectual e Desenvolvimento Econ\u00f4mico: Um estudo comparativo entre Brasil e Cor\u00e9ia do Sul. [Bachelor\u2019s Thesis, Centro Universit\u00e1rio de Bras\u00edlia-UniCEUB]."},{"key":"ref_48","unstructured":"Chang, Y.K. (2022, June 06). Introducing Advanced Biomass R&D Center. Available online: https:\/\/cbe.kaist.ac.kr\/webzine\/1708\/sub04_01.php."},{"key":"ref_49","unstructured":"Corbion (2022, June 04). AlgaPrimeTM DHA\u2014Sustainable, Affordable, and at Scale. Available online: https:\/\/www.corbion.com\/en\/Products\/Algae-ingredients-products\/AlgaPrimeDHA#:~:text=AlgaPrime%E2%84%A2%20DHA%20%E2%80%93%20sustainable%2C%20affordable%2C%20and%20at%20scale&text=AlgaPrime%E2%84%A2%20DHA%20is%20the,without%20impacting%20the%20carbon%20footprint."},{"key":"ref_50","unstructured":"Fermentalg (2022, June 06). DHA ORIGINS\u00ae, Sustainably-Produced Omega-3 for Natural Health. Available online: https:\/\/www.fermentalg.com\/dha-origins\/."},{"key":"ref_51","unstructured":"da Silva, J.P. (2018). Produ\u00e7\u00e3o de Single Cell Protein (SCP) por Leveduras Utilizando o Glicerol Bruto Como Fonte de Carbono. [Master\u2019s Thesis, Federal University of Rec\u00f4ncavo Baiano-UFRB]."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.5437\/08956308X5502021","article-title":"Charting exploitation strategies for emerging technology","volume":"55","author":"Phaal","year":"2012","journal-title":"Res. Technol. Manag."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biotechadv.2007.02.001","article-title":"Biodiesel from microalgae","volume":"25","author":"Chisti","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biotechnol. Adv."},{"key":"ref_54","unstructured":"dos Santos, R.R. (2013). Estudo de diferentes condi\u00e7\u00f5es de cultivo de Chlorella vulgaris visando o aumento da produtividade em biomassa e lip\u00eddios. [Master\u2019s Thesis, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro-UFRJ]."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2010.06.016","article-title":"Lipid production of Chlorella vulgaris cultured in artificial wastewater medium","volume":"102","author":"Feng","year":"2011","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiosc.2017.04.009","article-title":"Acclimation to NaCl and light stress of heterotrophic Chlamydomonas reinhardtii for lipid accumulation","volume":"124","author":"Fan","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Biosci. Bioeng."}],"container-title":["BioTech"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2673-6284\/11\/3\/37\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T00:14:19Z","timestamp":1760141659000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2673-6284\/11\/3\/37"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,24]]},"references-count":56,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]}},"alternative-id":["biotech11030037"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/biotech11030037","relation":{},"ISSN":["2673-6284"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2673-6284","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,24]]}}}