{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T23:38:48Z","timestamp":1790293128119,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,7]],"date-time":"2020-04-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1586217600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Brain Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Non-motor symptoms in Parkinson\u2019s disease (PD) are often associated with a negative impact on the patients\u2019 quality of life and on their weight regulation. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of olfactory and gustatory dysfunction, apathy, fatigue, depression, and motor symptoms on weight regulation in PD patients. Methods: We analyzed 112 participants, 63 PD patients (mean age \u00b1 SD: 69.2 \u00b1 10.1), and 49 controls (mean age \u00b1 SD: 68 \u00b1 9.6). For each participant we collected age, weight, height, BMI, olfactory and gustatory function, cognitive performance, apathy and fatigue. Results: Our data showed that 61.9% (n = 39) of PD patients had hyposmia, while 38.1% (n = 24) had anosmia. In PD patients, we observed a significant effect of Unified Parkinson\u2019s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS), apathy, odor threshold, sweet perception and fatigue on weight regulation. Instead, there was no significant effect for depression and levodopa equivalent daily dosage (LEDD). Conclusion: Our results suggest that PD non-motor symptoms such as olfactory\/gustatory deficits and mood disorders may influence body weight.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci10040218","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,8]],"date-time":"2020-04-08T05:59:47Z","timestamp":1586325587000},"page":"218","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Effect of Olfactory and Gustatory Dysfunction and Motor Symptoms on Body Weight in Patients with Parkinson\u2019s Disease"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5272-8421","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carla","family":"Masala","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, SP 8 Cittadella Universitaria, 09042 Monserrato, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6600-3883","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesco","family":"Loy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, SP 8 Cittadella Universitaria, 09042 Monserrato, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raffaella","family":"Piras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, SP 8 Cittadella Universitaria, 09042 Monserrato, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Liscia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, SP 8 Cittadella Universitaria, 09042 Monserrato, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Fadda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Movement Disorders Center, Institute of Neurology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria (A.O.U.), University of Cagliari, SS 554 km 4.500, 09042 Cagliari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alan","family":"Moat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Faculty, University of Cagliari, SS 554 km 4.500, 09042 Cagliari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2982-0665","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paolo","family":"Solla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Movement Disorders Center, Institute of Neurology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria (A.O.U.), University of Cagliari, SS 554 km 4.500, 09042 Cagliari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Defazio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Movement Disorders Center, Institute of Neurology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria (A.O.U.), University of Cagliari, SS 554 km 4.500, 09042 Cagliari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(06)70373-8","article-title":"Non-motor symptoms of Parkinson\u2019s disease: Diagnosis and management","volume":"5","author":"Chaudhuri","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-1331.2008.02056.x","article-title":"Non-motor symptoms in Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"15","author":"Poewe","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur. 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